Docs on enabling LTO (-flto) with clang++

Getting Link Time optimization working takes certain combinations of modern tools and build settings. It would be great to have some general docs on this so that LTO is demystified and more commonly used.

Doc should cover:

Linux details

• upgraded binutils gold (can be installed via mason)
• at least clang++ 3.9.1 via mason
• llvm-ar and llvm-ranlib on path (and set in environment AR=/path/to/llvm-ar RANLIB=/path/to/llvm-ranlib)
• -flto in the CXXFLAGS

OS X details

• Apple built in compiler or clang++ via mason
• -flto in the CXXFLAGS and LDFLAGS

Troubleshooting:

This error indicates that the linker does not understand the LTO format. This will happen on linux if you've not installed binutils from mason.

file.o: file not recognized: File format not recognized
clang-5.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

Refs https://github.com/mapbox/spatial-algorithms/pull/10

从 issue 检查清单和所引用的 spatial-algorithms pull request 开始。验证 Linux 和 OS X 的工具链要求、标志、环境变量以及链接器错误指南；当文档涵盖每一项列出的设置和故障排除细节时，文档工作即告完成。