Pytest tests cannot load global config that definitely exists even though real use of the library can

While working on and writing tests for #1466, I discovered that Config.get_global_config raised an IOError in my test. Confused as to why that didn't break other tests, I searched for use of this in the tests and found this:

def test_global_config() -> None:
    try:
        assert Config.get_global_config() is not None
    except IOError:
        # There is no user config
        pass


def test_system_config() -> None:
    try:
        assert Config.get_system_config() is not None
    except IOError:
        # There is no system config
        pass

I changed these tests to this so that these situations result in an official "skip" with information about why it was skipped, instead of just silently fake-passing:

def test_global_config() -> None:
    try:
        assert Config.get_global_config() is not None
    except IOError as e:
        settings = Settings()
        pytest.skip(f'Unavailable for testing with home dir = {settings.homedir}: {e}')


def test_system_config() -> None:
    try:
        assert Config.get_system_config() is not None
    except IOError as e:
        pytest.skip(f'Unavailable for testing: {e}')

But the resulting pytest output puzzled me:

test/test_config.py::test_global_config SKIPPED (Unavailable for testing with home dir = /Users/nicholas: the global file '.gitconfig' doesn't exist:)
test/test_config.py::test_system_config SKIPPED (Unavailable for testing: the system file 'gitconfig' doesn't exist:)

The first reason it puzzled me is that /Users/nicholas/.gitconfig definitely exists:

$ ls -al /Users/nicholas/.gitconfig
-rw-r--r--  1 nicholas  staff  366 Apr  9 17:39 /Users/nicholas/.gitconfig

The second reason it puzzled me is that I don't encounter this error if I simply use the library in a Python shell prompt:

>>> c = pygit2.Config.get_global_config()
>>> c["push.gpgSign"]
'if-asked'

Now, it's correct that my system config file does not exist:

>>> pygit2.Config.get_system_config()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<python-input-8>", line 1, in <module>
    pygit2.Config.get_system_config()
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
  File "/Users/nicholas/Development/OSS/libgit2/pygit2/.venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pygit2/config.py", line 309, in get_system_config
    check_error(err)
           ~~~~^^^^^
  File "/Users/nicholas/Development/OSS/libgit2/pygit2/.venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pygit2/config.py", line 300, in _from_found_config
  File "/Users/nicholas/Development/OSS/libgit2/pygit2/.venv/lib/python3.14/site-packages/pygit2/errors.py", line 56, in check_error
    raise IOError(message)
OSError: the system file 'gitconfig' doesn't exist: No such file or directory

But note that that error message is slightly different from the skip message of the test: "No such file or directory" is missing in the skip message. Weird?

If I now manually create /etc/gitconfig:

>>> c = pygit2.Config.get_system_config()
>>> c["bogus.foo"]
'bar'

But, low and behold, that test, also, still skips with the same partial message about not finding the system config file.

So, these two functions do work ... just not in tests. I've been unable to figure out why. My best guess is that mypy is somehow sandboxed so that it can't read these files? But that's just a wild guess. I can't confirm it.

从 test/test_config.py 以及 pygit2/config.py 中所示的 Config.get_global_config 和 Config.get_system_config 路径开始。在 pytest 下重现被跳过的测试，并将它们对配置文件的可见性和错误消息与交互式 Python 示例进行比较。完成的标准是：测试不再默默地错误报告现有配置文件，或者明确记录并报告环境限制。