Add branch querying/filtering feature

The git-branch doc states

With --contains, shows only the branches that contain the named commit (in other
words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the named commit).

With --merged, only branches merged into the named commit (i.e. the branches whose
tip commits are reachable from the named commit) will be listed.

With --no-merged only branches not merged into the named commit will be listed.

If the <commit> argument is missing it defaults to HEAD (i.e. the tip of the
current branch).

A potential API design might rely on the following

• Add a QueryBy() method to the BranchCollection in a similar way to the CommitCollection.QueryBy() method.
• Rename the current Filter type to CommitFilter, in order to allow the creation of a BranchFIlter

Binding the following method might also be helpful. Related libgit2 tests can be found here.

/**
 * Find a merge base between two commits
 *
 * @param out the OID of a merge base between 'one' and 'two'
 * @param repo the repository where the commits exist
 * @param one one of the commits
 * @param two the other commit
 */
GIT_EXTERN(int) git_merge_base(
     git_oid *out,
     git_repository *repo,
     git_oid *one,
     git_oid *two);

从 BranchCollection 开始，将其提议的 QueryBy() API 与 CommitCollection.QueryBy() 进行比较。在考虑提议的重命名之前，先检查当前的 Filter 类型，然后检查 libgit2 的 revwalk/mergebase.c 测试以及 git_merge_base binding。完成的标准是：branch contains/merged/not-merged 查询和相关的 merge-base API 都已定义，并配有匹配的测试，同时 API 设计已经确定。