Requirements: Captures for matching rules

In addition to the feature in #772, allow matching rules to capture matches into an environment. For instance, you should be able to write:

f(__var_x) = __var_x + 42

and this should match any of:

f(x) = x + 42
f(banana) = banana + 42

but not

f(x) = y + 42

Note that this extends the syntax of matches... `__var_x` carries all the same requirements as `__var`, but also binds the match. There's some flexibility though, since on the left-hand side above, `__var` matches a `PVar` (pattern variable), while on the right, it matches a `Var`. There should be an equivalence of sorts between patterns and expressions, by which a match of patterns that are also valid expressions (like `PVar _ (Ident _ a)` and `Var _ (UnQual _ (Ident _ a))` match each other.

Comienza leyendo la funcionalidad de matching-rule referenciada en #772 y sigue cómo se representan la sintaxis de match, los patrones y las expresiones. Define cómo __var_x enlaza variables de patrón y de expresión equivalentes, y verifica después que los ejemplos coincidan o fallen según lo especificado. Se considera terminado cuando los matches capturados están disponibles en el entorno sin romper el comportamiento existente de __var.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.