logging library doesn't support Exceptions

The `logger` in `firebase_functions` doesn't seem to provide reasonable support for exceptions.

In [the example](https://firebase.google.com/docs/functions/writing-and-viewing-logs?gen=2nd#python_2), firebase suggests extracting a portion of the error and including it:

```
try
...
except:
e = sys.exc_info()[0]
# Attach an error object as the second argument
logger.error("Unable to read quote from Firestore, sending default instead", error=e)
```

However this fails with an error:

```
../../../../Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/oasis-zYbk3Ww0-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/firebase_functions/logger.py:130: in error
write(_entry_from_args(LogSeverity.ERROR, *args, **kwargs))
../../../../Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs/oasis-zYbk3Ww0-py3.11/lib/python3.11/site-packages/firebase_functions/logger.py:95: in write
print(_json.dumps(_remove_circular(entry)), file=write_file)
../../../../.pyenv/versions/3.11.7/lib/python3.11/json/__init__.py:231: in dumps
return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
../../../../.pyenv/versions/3.11.7/lib/python3.11/json/encoder.py:200: in encode
chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
../../../../.pyenv/versions/3.11.7/lib/python3.11/json/encoder.py:258: in iterencode
return _iterencode(o, 0)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

self = , o =

def default(self, o):
"""Implement this method in a subclass such that it returns
a serializable object for ``o``, or calls the base implementation
(to raise a ``TypeError``).

For example, to support arbitrary iterators, you could
implement default like this::

def default(self, o):
try:
iterable = iter(o)
except TypeError:
pass
else:
return list(iterable)
# Let the base class default method raise the TypeError
return JSONEncoder.default(self, o)

"""
> raise TypeError(f'Object of type {o.__class__.__name__} '
f'is not JSON serializable')
E TypeError: Object of type type is not JSON serializable

../../../../.pyenv/versions/3.11.7/lib/python3.11/json/encoder.py:180: TypeError
```

Moreover it's not really an ideal API to log a subset of an exception. Ideally the entire stack trace would be included.

If you instead simply `print` the error, you can see a reasonable stack trace in the logs for the function.

I'd expect the example to not throw. I'd also expect the logging API to explicitly support logging Exceptions with stack traces

从 firebase_functions/logger.py 开始，重点查看 error()、write() 和 _entry_from_args()，然后将文档中的 Firebase 日志记录示例与此处显示的 JSON 序列化失败进行比较。完成标准是：记录 Exception 不再抛出错误，并且日志记录 API 会在函数日志中包含 Exception 的完整堆栈跟踪。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。