Inefficient or invalid free object creation in gc_heap::make_unused_array for large sizes on HOST_64BIT

Open
#119,424 7 comments 0 reactions 1 assignee View on GitHub

@Alikhalesi is already working on this.

Since Sep 19, 2025.

Assessment

This issue has not been assessed yet.

Description

area-GC-coreclr
Description

In gc_heap::make_unused_array, when HOST_64BIT is enabled and the object size exceeds 4 GB—such that the size is represented entirely in the high DWORD (e.g., size = 17179869160)—the first call to SetFree(size) results in the creation of a free object with Array::m_NumComponents = 0.

This occurs because SetFree internally casts the size to a uint32_t, truncating the high DWORD. As a result:

A free object is created with len = 0, which is misleading or invalid.

Immediately afterward, the function correctly splits the large object into multiple valid chunks using the proper logic.

Additionally, for certain sizes like 34359738393, the low DWORD is 1, causing the first free object to be created with len = 1, which is inefficient. Ideally, the allocation should begin with a chunk size of UINT32_MAX to maximize utilization.

Potential Fix:

The initial call to SetFree(size) can be skipped entirely when HOST_64BIT is defined, as the subsequent logic already handles large object sizes correctly.

#ifndef HOST_64BIT
((CObjectHeader*)x)->SetFree(size);
#endif

Alternatively, conditionally call SetFree only when size <= UINT32_MAX.

I'd like to take ownership of this issue and work on a fix. Assigning it to myself if that's okay.

Dominant language
C#
Stars
18.3k
Forks
5.6k
PR merge metrics
PR metrics pending

Contributor guide

Open the contributing guide

First steps

  1. Read the whole issue, then the project's contributing guide.
  2. Comment on the issue to say you are picking it up — it saves two people doing the same work.
  3. Fork the repository and make your change on a branch.
  4. Open a pull request that references the issue number.

More from dotnet/runtime

All issues in dotnet/runtime

Similar issues

More C# issues

Get new issues in your inbox

A short digest of beginner-friendly GitHub issues.