Add a `partition` goody

Inspiration from Ruby: https://rubydoc.info/stdlib/core/Enumerable:partition

A reasonable place for it to live would be on `Iterator.prototype`, then anything that can give us an iterator can also be partitioned.

Should we return two arrays like Ruby does or two iterators? I'm currently thinking that two arrays is fine. Two iterators would only be better if these iterators are lazy, but that doesn't seem worth the overhead currently.

Start by locating Iterator.prototype and reviewing the existing goodies attached to it. Resolve whether partition should return two arrays or two iterators, then implement the selected behavior and add coverage showing that an iterator can be partitioned into the two expected results.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.