Implement slog.LogValuer

The new [slog](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/exp/slog) library provides a `slog.LogValuer` interface for formatting attributes.

Documentation here: https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/exp/slog#hdr-Customizing_a_type_s_logging_behavior

I think cockroachdb/errors should implement it.

```go
type customError struct {
...
}

func (e customError) Error() string {
...
}

// implements slog.LogValuer
func (e customError) LogValue() slog.Value {
return slog.GroupValue(
slog.Int("code", e.code),
slog.String("message", e.msg),
slog.String("stacktrace", e.stacktrace),
)
}
```

`slog` will be released in go 1.21. But is already available and `golang.org/x/exp/slog`

The issue names no repository files, tests, or entry points. Start with the linked slog.LogValuer documentation and inspect the repository's existing error-formatting integration; done means errors implement the interface with structured values like code, message, and stacktrace.

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