AudioStream API

Hi @PaulStoffregen,

We're exploring adding an AudioStream API to Arduino that extends the current Stream type. The draft interface can be found here: [api/Audio/AudioStream.h](https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-API/blob/master/api/Audio/AudioStream.h). We would appreciate any feedback you have on it.

We've taken a look at the Teensy Core's [AudioStream type](https://github.com/PaulStoffregen/cores/blob/master/teensy3/AudioStream.h) and noticed it doesn't have any public interfaces to access the raw sample data. Was this done for performance reasons?

Uses cases we are thinking about include:
- [reading a file from SD card and playing back via I2S or DAC](https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-API/blob/master/api/Audio/examples/WaveToI2S/WaveToI2S.ino)
- [reading data from a I2S or ADC microphone and saving to SD card](https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-API/blob/master/api/Audio/examples/I2SToWave/I2SToWave.ino)

Start by reading api/Audio/AudioStream.h and the Audio examples WaveToI2S/WaveToI2S.ino and I2SToWave/I2SToWave.ino, then compare the linked Teensy AudioStream type. The issue asks for feedback on a draft interface and the reasons behind an existing design, so completion would require an agreed API direction rather than a clearly defined code change.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.