Support SHORT or INT16 datatype

OPC quality code standards request 16 bit for each quality code. If I try to store a series of quality codes (each is a 16-bit integer) in iotdb now, I have to specify its data type as INT32, which leaves 16 unused bits, causing a waste of storage. This will be more significant where there is a lot series of quality codes.

I don't know if current compressing method could deal with that. If so, it will be okay to just use INT32.

该 issue 未指定任何文件、测试或入口点。首先定位 IoTDB 的数据类型定义以及 INT32 的存储/压缩处理，然后确定是否可以在不浪费存储空间的情况下支持 SHORT 或 INT16。完成的标准是：16 位质量码序列可以使用合适的数据类型存储，或者压缩行为已被记录为足够。

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