Upsert fails after update_schema().union_by_name() due to schema mismatch

### Apache Iceberg version

0.10.0

### Please describe the bug 🐞

When performing an `upsert` operation after adding a new column via `update_schema().union_by_name()` , the operation fails with a ValueError indicating that the schema field names don't match.

**To reproduce**:
```python
from pyiceberg.catalog import load_catalog
import polars as pl

catalog = load_catalog("default", **{"type": "in-memory"})

df = pl.DataFrame(
[
{"id": 1, "name": "Alice", "age": 30, "city": "São Paulo"},
{"id": 2, "name": "Bob", "age": 25, "city": "Rio de Janeiro"},
{"id": 3, "name": "Carol", "age": 35, "city": "Belo Horizonte"},
{"id": 4, "name": "David", "age": 28, "city": "Curitiba"},
]
)

arrow = df.to_arrow()

catalog.create_namespace_if_not_exists("default")
catalog.create_table_if_not_exists("default.my_table", arrow.schema)
table = catalog.load_table("default.my_table")

try:
table.append(arrow)

# Add a new column
arrow = df.with_columns(ping=pl.lit("pong")).to_arrow()

# Update schema to include the new column
with table.update_schema() as update_schema:
update_schema.union_by_name(arrow.schema)
table = table.refresh()

# This fails with ValueError
table.upsert(arrow, ["id"])
finally:
catalog.drop_table("default.my_table")
```

**Error:**
`ValueError: Target schema's field names are not matching the table's field names: ['id', 'name', 'age', 'city', 'ping'], ['id', 'name', 'age', 'city']`

**Stack trace:**
```
File "pyiceberg/table/__init__.py", line 1343, in upsert
return tx.upsert(
File "pyiceberg/table/__init__.py", line 825, in upsert
rows_to_update = upsert_util.get_rows_to_update(df, rows, join_cols)
File "pyiceberg/table/upsert_util.py", line 92, in get_rows_to_update
source_table.cast(target_table.schema)
File "pyarrow/table.pxi", line 4721, in pyarrow.lib.Table.cast
```

**Expected:**
The upsert operation should succeed after the schema has been updated to include the new column.

### Willingness to contribute

- [ ] I can contribute a fix for this bug independently
- [x] I would be willing to contribute a fix for this bug with guidance from the Iceberg community
- [ ] I cannot contribute a fix for this bug at this time

Beginnen Sie in pyiceberg/table/upsert_util.py bei get_rows_to_update, verfolgen Sie anschließend den table.upsert-Pfad in pyiceberg/table/__init__.py und den fehlschlagenden pyarrow Table.cast-Aufruf. Führen Sie die bereitgestellte Reproduktion gegen Version 0.10.0 aus und fügen Sie eine Regressionstestabdeckung hinzu, die zeigt, dass upsert erfolgreich ist, nachdem union_by_name ping hinzufügt, wobei das aktualisierte Schema erhalten bleibt.

Vom Indexierungsmodell aus dem Issue-Text verfasst.