[DISCUSSION] Should we implement access control hooks in DataFusion?

### Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge?

@comphead brings up an excellent point here: https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion/pull/7441#issuecomment-1698341294

Basically many database systems allow some sort of access control such as allowing some users the ability to read data but restricting writing.

There are many different granularities of such controls (like restricted to schemas, tables, read schema vs read data, etc) that a system might want to implement.

### Describe the solution you'd like

If anyone needs this today, they can build it on top of `LogicalPlan` (by checking `LogicalPlan` contents and implementing whatever controls they want).

It might be interesting to add some sort of built in (extensible) mechanism into DataFusion to make this process easier.

### Describe alternatives you've considered

I think we should wait for someone with a real usecase / implementation on top of `LogicalPlan` that we can upstream once we work out the details rather than designing this in advance but I wanted to file the ticket to track the idea

### Additional context

_No response_

Beginne damit, den verlinkten Kommentar zu PR #7441 und die Implementierung von LogicalPlan zu lesen, um den vorgeschlagenen Anwendungsfall für Zugriffskontrolle zu verstehen. Als erledigt würde dies einen konkreten, abgestimmten Umfang und einen erweiterbaren Mechanismus erfordern, aber diese Diskussion verschiebt das Design derzeit, bis eine echte Implementierung oder ein Anwendungsfall verfügbar ist.

Vom Indexierungsmodell aus dem Issue-Text verfasst.