[Java] Adding Logging functionality

### Describe the enhancement requested

There are various attempts to do logging on errors using standard output but logging has not been properly introduced. There are warnings created from ErrorProne logs showing that introducing logs would be better.

Is there an existing effort to add logs?

### Component(s)

Java

The issue names no files, tests, or entry points. Start by locating the Java code that writes errors to standard output and review the ErrorProne warnings mentioned in the issue. Done would require an agreed logging approach and a defined scope for replacing or supplementing the existing error output.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.