DictionaryEncoder.decode accepts out-of-range dictionary indices

`DictionaryEncoder.retrieveIndexVector` guards each index from the index vector with `indexAsInt > dictionaryCount` before `transfer.copyValueSafe(indexAsInt, i)`. Valid indices are `0..dictionaryCount-1`, so the check is off by one: an index equal to `dictionaryCount` is accepted and reads one slot past the dictionary vector, and a negative index (a signed index type with the high bit set) is not rejected either and also reaches `copyValueSafe`. The index vector is decoded from an IPC/C-data payload, so a crafted dictionary-encoded batch yields an out-of-bounds read of the dictionary vector, exposing adjacent off-heap memory when bounds checking is disabled via `arrow.enable_unsafe_memory_access`.

The same helper backs `DictionaryEncoder.decode`, `ListSubfieldEncoder.decodeListSubField` and `StructSubfieldEncoder.decode`.

The bound should be `indexAsInt < 0 || indexAsInt >= dictionaryCount`.

Comienza en DictionaryEncoder.retrieveIndexVector y sigue su uso desde DictionaryEncoder.decode, ListSubfieldEncoder.decodeListSubField y StructSubfieldEncoder.decode. Verifica que los índices negativos y los índices iguales a dictionaryCount se rechacen antes de transfer.copyValueSafe; se considera completado cuando los índices de diccionario diseñados no pueden llegar a la copia del diccionario con una posición no válida.

Escrito por el modelo de indexación a partir del texto del issue.