macOS: versioned install paths invalidate TCC folder permissions on every auto-update (and mid-session for running sessions)

## Environment
- Claude Code 2.1.228 → 2.1.238 (native installer, auto-update on)
- macOS Tahoe 26.2, binary at `~/.local/share/claude/versions/`

## Problem
Claude Code installs each auto-update as a new binary at a versioned path (`~/.local/share/claude/versions/2.1.238`, etc.). macOS TCC identifies unsigned/CLI clients by executable path, so **every update is a brand-new TCC client**: the first time the new version touches `~/Documents` (or Downloads, etc.), macOS prompts again, and the user's previous grant — attached to the now-obsolete versioned path — is silently useless.

My `TCC.db` shows the result: 8 separate `kTCCServiceSystemPolicyDocumentsFolder` allow rows for 8 Claude versions in 9 days (2.1.228, .231, .232, .233, .234, .235, .237, .238). From the user's perspective, macOS "keeps forgetting" a permission they've granted repeatedly — it took a TCC.db dive to see why.

## Worse: running sessions lose file access mid-session
A long-running session stays pinned to its old versioned binary while the auto-updater installs newer versions alongside it. In my case a session running 2.1.235 had full Documents access for ~2 hours, then every read/write under `~/Documents` started returning EPERM mid-session (Read tool and child Bash processes alike) shortly after 2.1.238 was installed — with the 2.1.235 allow row still present and `auth_value=2` in TCC.db. Nothing recovers it except restarting onto the new binary and re-granting.

## Impact
- Users on daily auto-updates re-approve Documents/Downloads access roughly per release, or conclude their Mac is broken.
- Long-lived sessions (overnight agents, `--resume` workflows) can silently lose access to files they were mid-way through editing.

## Suggested fix
Give the CLI a stable TCC identity: a signed binary with a consistent designated requirement (so grants survive updates), or a stable launcher path that execs the versioned binary while remaining the TCC-responsible executable. Failing that, the updater could at least warn that folder permissions will re-prompt after update.

Happy to provide the TCC.db excerpts or reproduce on request.

Start with the native installer's versioned binaries under ~/.local/share/claude/versions/ and reproduce an auto-update while accessing ~/Documents. Compare TCC behavior before and after the update, including a session that remains running across the update. Done means folder permissions persist across updates and long-running sessions do not lose access mid-session.

Scritto dal modello di indicizzazione a partire dal testo della issue.