Strange mat-error & state behaviour on Custom ControlValueAccessor component

#### Bug
I have this custom input component, using `ControlValueAccessor` and it is perfectly in sync with the controlling formGroup, and gives the `valid`, `invalid`, `touched` and `hasErrors('required')` to the formGroup & internally correctly.

#### What is the current behavior?
Whenever i want to use the `mat-error` component, it will only work as expected when I give the `required` attribute to the `input`. When I leave that out, the `mat-error` will _never_ show, whatever I try. So on blur (`touched=true`) it will not show the `mat-error`. But it _does_ in this simple plunkr: https://plnkr.co/edit/cJFCUITMlcBc78v06937?p=preview

I'm not sure why this is, the only thing I can think of is that I use ` [(ngModel)]="_value"` on the input i.c.w. `NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR`/`ControlValueAccessor`, but I would think that since the formGroup state is correct, and it all works perfectly when having the `required` property on it, this should be irrelevant.

Looking at this @crisbeto's answer: https://github.com/angular/material2/issues/4027 Point 1 seems to be saying a similar thing, that setting `required` on it, it works, and towards the end @willshowell states `Errors are hidden until the input is both invalid and touched` yet they are both invalid and when touched still don't show it.

#### What is the expected behavior?
I would expect the `required` to not be relevant to showing the `mat-error` element. For example, I might want to validate an email with `Validators.email` but have it optional.

#### What are the steps to reproduce?
This plunkr demonstrates it by simply clicking and blurring each input field: https://plnkr.co/edit/4B2OOc5Spv9ewxbeIndZ?p=preview

Although While recreating it in plunkr, I found out some new strange behaviour. The first instance of the component doesn't seem to apply the `placeholder` attribute, and also doesn't change the `touched` state; however this problem has not occurred on my project (yet). See: https://plnkr.co/edit/FODeH4ZhE7IG01dmYCiR?p=preview This does indicate something strange going on, and I cannot figure out what it is.

#### What is the use-case or motivation for changing an existing behavior?
I would expect `required` not to be required for `mat-error` to work.

#### Which versions of Angular, Material, OS, TypeScript, browsers are affected?
- "@angular/material": "2.0.0-beta.11",
- "@angular/common": "^4.3.6",
- "@angular/compiler": "^4.3.6",
- "@angular/compiler-cli": "^4.3.6",
- "@angular/core": "^4.3.6",
- "@angular/forms": "^4.3.6",
- "@angular/http": "^4.3.6",
- "typescript": "^2.4.2",

#### Is there anything else we should know?
- I've spent hours trying to fix this and trying to figure out why this happens. I'm pretty convinced it is a problem with the implementation of `mat-error`.
- I've tried transcluding the `mat-error` like: `{{ getError() }}` and then `` But then it is placed wrongly and will always show the error, probably would not fix this issue either.
- I've tried accessing the state internally on the component, with `Injector` & `NgControl` and subscribing to `statusChanges` and could see the internal status is correct as well.

Commencez par exécuter les reproductions Plunker fournies et comparez le composant personnalisé ControlValueAccessor avec l’exemple simple fonctionnel. Suivez la manière dont mat-error évalue les états invalid et touched lorsque required est absent, puis vérifiez la validation facultative de l’adresse e-mail et le comportement du placeholder de la première instance. Le travail est terminé lorsque la reproduction affiche systématiquement mat-error pour les contrôles invalid et touched sans nécessiter required.

Rédigé par le modèle d'indexation à partir du texte de l'issue.