bug(material/table): fixedLayout not applied

### Is this a regression?

- [X] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

14.2.0

### Description

If the attribute fixedLayout is set, the styling is not applied. The corresponding css classes are, but the style not. Table layout is always set to auto.

### Reproduction

Steps to reproduce:
1. set fixedLayout to true
2. Check the style of table

### Expected Behavior

The table-layout: fixed style is applied

### Actual Behavior

The table-layout: auto style is applied, wenn fixedLayout is true

### Environment

- Angular:15.1.1
- CDK/Material:15.1.1
- Browser(s):Chrome
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu): MacOs

issue 中没有指定文件或测试。使用 Material table 并将 fixedLayout 设置为 true，在 Angular 15.1.1 中复现该问题，然后追踪 table 的实现及其样式；完成的标准是 table 使用 table-layout: fixed 而不是 auto，并恢复现有的回归行为。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。