bug(material/table): fixedLayout not applied

### Is this a regression?

- [X] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

14.2.0

### Description

If the attribute fixedLayout is set, the styling is not applied. The corresponding css classes are, but the style not. Table layout is always set to auto.

### Reproduction

Steps to reproduce:
1. set fixedLayout to true
2. Check the style of table

### Expected Behavior

The table-layout: fixed style is applied

### Actual Behavior

The table-layout: auto style is applied, wenn fixedLayout is true

### Environment

- Angular:15.1.1
- CDK/Material:15.1.1
- Browser(s):Chrome
- Operating System (e.g. Windows, macOS, Ubuntu): MacOs

No file or test is named in the issue. Reproduce the problem in Angular 15.1.1 with a Material table and fixedLayout set to true, then trace the table implementation and its styling; done means the table uses table-layout: fixed instead of auto and the existing regression behavior is restored.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.