bug(mat-text-column): Column-name based CSS ignored unless view encapsulation is disabled

还没有人认领这个 Issue。

### Is this a regression?

- [ ] Yes, this behavior used to work in the previous version

### The previous version in which this bug was not present was

_No response_

### Description

May not technically be a bug, and more of an undocumented quirk.

There are two aspects to mat-table column definitions that lead to an unexpected conclusion:

- For a column named `foo`, you can define a `.mat-column-foo` style which will get applied to it.
- A `mat-text-column` named `foo` is shorthand for an explicit matColumnDef with sensible defaults for a text-only field.

However, if you define said style, and try to apply it to a mat-text-column, it won't match.

I supppose that technically, the affected th/td elements are no longer generated by the parent view, but by mat-text-node itself - and thus, those are outside the scope of view-encapsulated styles defined there.

The fix may not be trivial, but it might still be worth documenting as a gotcha.

### Reproduction

See StackBlitz [here](https://stackblitz.com/edit/components-issue-e4h1lq?file=src/app/example-component.ts). By making the component non-encapsulated, the style applies to both columns. Otherwise, it only matches the explicitly defined one, not the text-column.

### Expected Behavior

Styles affect matColumnDefs and mat-text-columns the same way.

### Actual Behavior

...they don't!

### Environment

Angular CLI: 13.3.5
Node: 14.17.6
Package Manager: yarn 1.22.15
OS: win32 x64

Angular: 13.3.6

从链接的 StackBlitz 复现开始，检查 src/app/example-component.ts，对比 view encapsulation 下显式定义的 matColumnDef 与 mat-text-column。确认样式不匹配，并确定预期结果是修复组件还是记录该行为；完成的标准是两种列类型获得等效样式，或记录该限制。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。