Add `completed` event for stepper / steps

#### Bug, feature request, or proposal:
Proposal

#### What is the expected behavior?
Optionally allow the consumer define if it wants to auto-advance an step when it completes (by using [completed] step property)

#### What is the current behavior?
Nothing happens as soon the step is marked as completed

#### What is the use-case or motivation for changing an existing behavior?
Use Observable based state such as NgRx stores, and in a more functional way allow set the stepper navigation based on state, now I have to subscribe to store and call navigation via an stepper instance in order to handle steps advance, too imperatively and also results in a awful timing issues because when stepper.next() is called and [completed] property update is on its way nothing happens.

#### Is there anything else we should know?
I'm willing to implement such feature. No breaking changes would be introduced.

Start at the Angular Material stepper/steps component entry point and inspect how the existing completed step property and navigation are handled. Clarify the optional auto-advance contract, its interaction with state updates, and the regression coverage needed; done means the behavior is opt-in and does not break existing navigation.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.