Suggestion for new rule - Ensure that variables used in a function is always declared in the local scope

In order to reduce the number of hard to debug errors, we run our PowerShell scripts with Set-StrictMode -Version Latest. This lets us catch issues where we e.g. have misspelled a variable name (or forgot to assign it before using it) during runtime. But it would be immensely useful to catch these kinds of errors before we run the scripts, e.g. during an automated build.

We have deployment scripts that run for quite a long time (several hours), and silly misspelled variable names or misplaced variable assignments then costs quite a bit of development time. Catching these errors early would be immensely useful.

Example of something that should cause an error:

function Get-Foobar()
{
    if ($b + 2 -gt 5)
    {
        return $b
    }

    return 5
}

This would be OK:

function Get-Foobar($b)
{
    if ($b + 2 -gt 5)
    {
        return $b
    }

    return 5
}

As would this:

function Get-Foobar()
{
    $b = 123;
    if ($b + 2 -gt 5)
    {
        return $b
    }

    return 5
}

从 issue 中的两个 PowerShell 示例开始，检查仓库中现有的 analyzer 规则和测试，以确定新规则应放在哪里。定义应如何处理参数、赋值和变量引用；完成的标准是报告未声明变量的示例，同时两个有效示例都通过，并为所选择的行为提供覆盖率。