[docs] Keep track of the minimum supported versions of our dependencies in a centralized location

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

Meta problem. Often we rely on maintainers and contributors memory to know what are the current minimum supported versions of PCL's dependencies, be it compilers, tools or 3rd party libs. Each person might know a few but there's always a chance that it is unknown to all.

Context

During an issue discussion or review process it happens frequently that a user/contributor/maintainer will not really be aware what minimum versions PCL is supporting.

Expected behavior

I would like to have all this info centralized somewhere.

Current Behavior

We're relying on everyone's memory. :)

Describe the solution you'd like / alternatives you've considered

A dedicated CMake file - would allow for a nice configuration/substitution directly to the docs and other places in our code. Currently, the integration with tutorials is not really viable because read the docs is using the bare folder without running any configuration.
README.md - easy for users to see but hard to update other places of the source tree which might want to rely on this info

Start by reviewing README.md, the existing CMake configuration, and how tutorials are published through Read the Docs. Identify where minimum versions for compilers, tools, and third-party libraries are currently specified or assumed. Done means the supported versions have one maintained source and can be reused by documentation or other source-tree locations without requiring the bare Read the Docs folder to be configured.