Support for `WHERE` clause when usng `copy_to_table` method

Nobody has claimed this yet.

Hi there!

Since version 12, PostgreSQL has supported a `WHERE` clause within `COPY ... FROM` statements:
```
COPY table_name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ]
FROM { 'filename' | PROGRAM 'command' | STDIN }
[ [ WITH ] ( option [, ...] ) ]
[ WHERE condition ]
```
It functions similarly to the `WHERE` clause used within `SELECT` statements, subject to some restrictions regarding subqueries.

Recently I've found myself in a situation where I am performing a bulk insert of CSV-formatted data from a remote machine, but would like to skip certain rows - such as those containing null values. From what I can tell, the existing `Connection.copy_to_table` helper doesn't support this, and I'd need to drop down to private API (the underlying `Connection._protocol._copy_in` machinery)

I'd appreciate some publicly exposed way of doing this - the simplest approach that comes to mind would be adding a `where` kwarg to `Connection.copy_to_table` as well as the `Connection._format_copy_opts` method. Usage could then look something along the lines of
```py
await conn.copy_to_table("cool_table", source="important_file.csv", where="important_value = 42")
```
I'm not sure if this is satisfactory, though. There would also need to be some consideration regarding earlier Postgres versions that don't support `COPY ... FROM` using a `WHERE` clause.

Please let me know your thoughts - I'm happy to open a PR for implementation if necessary.

Start by inspecting Connection.copy_to_table and Connection._format_copy_opts, then trace how they reach the private Connection._protocol._copy_in machinery. Check how PostgreSQL version compatibility is handled and identify the relevant tests before deciding how the public option should behave. Done means a supported way to apply a COPY ... FROM WHERE condition, with appropriate behavior for earlier PostgreSQL versions.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.