LoadError: Couldn't find libpython while building PyCall

I get the following error when running `Pkg.build("PyCall")`:
`ERROR: LoadError: Couldn't find libpython; check your PYTHON environment variable.`

The version info:
Julia Version 1.9.2
Commit e4ee485e909 (2023-07-05 09:39 UTC)
Platform Info:
OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
CPU: 32 × Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5118 CPU @ 2.30GHz
WORD_SIZE: 64
LIBM: libopenlibm
LLVM: libLLVM-14.0.6 (ORCJIT, skylake-avx512)
Threads: 1 on 48 virtual cores

I have noticed similar issues (#588, #565), which seemed solved in current release, so not clear what happens here.
I have libpython3.10.a at /usr/local/lib/. The `python3-dev` package has also been installed.
Any suggestions? Thanks a lot!

Full output messages with `ENV["PYCALL_DEBUG_BUILD"] = "yes"` are as follows:

julia> Pkg.build("PyCall")
Building Conda ─→ `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/8c86e48c0db1564a1d49548d3515ced5d604c408/build.log`
Building PyCall → `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/43d304ac6f0354755f1d60730ece8c499980f7ba/build.log`
ERROR: Error building `PyCall`:
DEBUG is_windows = False
DEBUG is_apple = False
DEBUG Candidate: /root/.julia/packages/PyCall/ilqDX/deps/python3
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Found: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Found: /usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/libpython3.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/lib/libpython.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/lib/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/lib/libpython3.10.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/lib/libpython3.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/lib/libpython.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/libpython3.10.a
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/libpython3.10.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/libpython3.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: /usr/local/libpython.so
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: None
DEBUG Not found.
DEBUG Candidate: libpython3.6m.so.1.0
DEBUG Not found.
dlopen(/usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.a) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"/usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.a\"\n/usr/local/lib/python3.10/config-3.10-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.a: invalid ELF header")
dlopen(/usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.a) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"/usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.a\"\n/usr/local/lib/libpython3.10.a: invalid ELF header")
dlopen(libpython3.10) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"libpython3.10\"\nlibpython3.10.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")
dlopen(libpython3.10) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"libpython3.10\"\nlibpython3.10.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")
dlopen(libpython3) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"libpython3\"\nlibpython3.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")
dlopen(libpython) ==> ErrorException("could not load library \"libpython\"\nlibpython.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory")
ERROR: LoadError: Couldn't find libpython; check your PYTHON environment variable.

The python executable we tried was python3 (= version 3.10).
Re-building with
ENV["PYCALL_DEBUG_BUILD"] = "yes"
may provide extra information for why it failed.

Stacktrace:
[1] error(s::String)
@ Base ./error.jl:35
[2] find_libpython(python::String; _dlopen::typeof(Base.Libc.Libdl.dlopen))
@ Main ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ilqDX/deps/buildutils.jl:72
[3] find_libpython(python::String)
@ Main ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ilqDX/deps/buildutils.jl:40
[4] top-level scope
@ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ilqDX/deps/build.jl:82
[5] include(fname::String)
@ Base.MainInclude ./client.jl:478
[6] top-level scope
@ none:5
in expression starting at /root/.julia/packages/PyCall/ilqDX/deps/build.jl:43
Stacktrace:
[1] pkgerror(msg::String)
@ Pkg.Types /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Types.jl:69
[2] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String})()
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1153
[3] withenv(::Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, ::Pair{String, String}, ::Vararg{Pair{String}})
@ Base ./env.jl:197
[4] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#117#122"{String, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec})()
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1827
[5] with_temp_env(fn::Pkg.Operations.var"#117#122"{String, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}, temp_env::String)
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1701
[6] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#115#120"{Dict{String, Any}, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.Context, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String, Pkg.Types.Project, String})(tmp::String)
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1790
[7] mktempdir(fn::Pkg.Operations.var"#115#120"{Dict{String, Any}, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#67#74"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.Context, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String, Pkg.Types.Project, String}, parent::String; prefix::String)
@ Base.Filesystem ./file.jl:760
[8] mktempdir(fn::Function, parent::String)
@ Base.Filesystem ./file.jl:756
[9] mktempdir
@ ./file.jl:756 [inlined]
[10] sandbox(fn::Function, ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, target::Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, target_path::String, sandbox_path::String, sandbox_project_override::Pkg.Types.Project; preferences::Dict{String, Any}, force_latest_compatible_version::Bool, allow_earlier_backwards_compatible_versions::Bool, allow_reresolve::Bool)
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1748
[11] build_versions(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, uuids::Set{Base.UUID}; verbose::Bool)
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1134
[12] build_versions
@ /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1049 [inlined]
[13] build(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, uuids::Set{Base.UUID}, verbose::Bool)
@ Pkg.Operations /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:991
[14] build(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}; verbose::Bool, kwargs::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Base.TTY, Tuple{Symbol}, NamedTuple{(:io,), Tuple{Base.TTY}}})
@ Pkg.API /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:1053
[15] build(pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}; io::Base.TTY, kwargs::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Union{}, Tuple{}, NamedTuple{(), Tuple{}}})
@ Pkg.API /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:156
[16] build(pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec})
@ Pkg.API /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:145
[17] #build#85
@ /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:144 [inlined]
[18] build
@ /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:144 [inlined]
[19] #build#84
@ /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:143 [inlined]
[20] build(pkg::String)
@ Pkg.API /usr/local/lib/julia-1.9.2/share/julia/stdlib/v1.9/Pkg/src/API.jl:143
[21] top-level scope
@ REPL[5]:1

Beginne mit deps/buildutils.jl rund um find_libpython und deps/build.jl rund um die gemeldete Aufrufstelle. Reproduziere den PyCall-Build mit den angegebenen Details zu Julia, Python und Linux und verfolge anschließend, warum das ermittelte libpython-Archiv nicht geladen werden kann. Als abgeschlossen gilt die Aufgabe, wenn der Build diese Umgebung korrekt verarbeitet und der Fehler durch einen passenden Test abgedeckt ist.

Vom Indexierungsmodell aus dem Issue-Text verfasst.