🚀. Create `patch` workflow for Nuget Package

### Is there an existing issue for this?

- [X] I have searched the existing issues

### Suggestion

Create a `patch` workflow for releasing the Nuget package into GitHub.
https://github.com/microsoft/electionguard-cpp/tree/main/.github/workflows

This workflow will create a `patch` nuget package to have a nuget package released immediately with quick changes on the GitHub registry. This patch workflow will not release a package on nuget.org.

### Possible Implementation

1. Create a new workflow labeled `patch`
- Workflow should run after pull requests are merged
2. Auto increment the semantic version by one patch number (See #222 )
3. Build nuget package similar to `release` workflow
4. Release nuget package on Github Package Registry (See #223 )

### Anything else?

_No response_

检查 .github/workflows 中现有的工作流，尤其是 release 工作流，并查看 issue #222 和 #223 了解版本控制和 GitHub Package Registry 的要求。确认已合并的 pull request 应如何触发 patch 工作流，然后验证该工作流会构建 NuGet 包、递增 patch 版本，并且只发布到 GitHub Packages。

由索引模型根据 Issue 内容生成。