Update Go and external dependencies at the start of a release cycle

Update Go in build, test, and other scripts, as well as external dependencies to their latest released versions at the start of a major or a minor release cycle. This includes updating all of our forks, probably by rebasing our commits on top of the latest commits from the original repo.

* * *

Here's a better formatted checklist:

* Go version in scripts.

* Go dependencies and tools.

* Docker image we use for CI; both in Bamboo and GitHub Actions.

* Alpine version in the `Dockerfile`, if changed.

* Ubuntu version in Snap packages, if changed.