miscompilation: signed widening arithmetic diverges from native execution

The differential fuzzing suite found a silent wrong-result miscompilation (no VM abort): a `(u32, u32) -> u32` function mixing `i64.extend8/16/32_s`, `i64.extend_i32_s`, and `i64.mul_wide_s` (one negative-constant and one dynamic multiplicand) returns a different value under the Miden VM than natively.

For inputs `(3022925119, 3340151117)`: native `3550407903` vs MASM `3550391763`.

## Reproduce

On the branch from #1286:

```sh
cargo test -p midenc-integration-tests differential::tests::sext_shapes_repro -- --ignored
```

`sext_shapes_repro` pins the failing input pair and fails deterministically; `sext_shapes` runs the same case under 16 random inputs. The case source is `tests/integration/src/end_to_end/differential/cases/case_sext_shapes.rs`; both tests are `#[ignore]`d in `tests/integration/src/end_to_end/differential/tests.rs`.

## Already bounded

Passing sibling cases show each ingredient is correct in isolation:

- `sext_widths` — pure extend8/16/32_s chains
- `mulwide_dyn` — dynamic-by-dynamic `i64.mul_wide_s`
- `mulwide_fold` — `mul_wide_s` with a *positive* constant multiplicand

The remaining suspects are the negative-constant multiplicand shape (the one piece no passing sibling covers) or an interaction between the shapes.

失敗的測試位於 `tests/integration/src/end_to_end/differential/tests.rs` 中，名為 `sext_shapes_repro`。檢查案例原始碼 `case_sext_shapes.rs` 以查看混合了有號擴展和乘法的函式。執行測試以確認差異，然後追蹤編譯器對帶有負數常數的 `i64.extend8/16/32_s`、`i64.extend_i32_s` 和 `i64.mul_wide_s` 的處理過程。將生成的 Miden 組合語言程式碼與預期的原生執行結果進行比較。

由索引模型根據 Issue 內容生成。