ACE: Handle arbitrary degree AIRs

We currently fix the degree of constraints to be $$\leq 9$$ which leads to $$8$$ quotient chunks $$q_i$$. This matches the Miden VM constraints but this is inefficient when the AIR has smaller degree.

This was partially achieved in #386, where the code for deriving the degree is commented out. TODOs remain with this issue linked to note where changes must happen.

While we haven't modified any of the `air` crate code, having a function `quotient_degree` on the Air could be useful more broadly as it makes it easy to see if we have gone over a desired degree bound.