Add TypeScript types for core

**Feature request**
It would be great to have timeout for components.

**Use case**
Many users need this functionality for production deployments.

**Implementation idea**
Add a new config option `enable_timeout` with default `false`.

The issue names no files, tests, or entry points. Start by locating the core component configuration and existing config options, then determine where component timeout behavior belongs; done means a documented `enable_timeout` option defaults to `false` and timeout behavior is covered by the relevant tests.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.