Improve error messages in middleware

**Problem**
When working with utils, the error messages could be more descriptive.

**Suggestion**
Improve error handling and add detailed error messages.

**Context**
This would help with debugging and maintenance.

Start by locating the middleware and utils error-handling entry points in the repository and read how current errors are formed. Done means the relevant errors provide more descriptive messages that improve debugging and maintenance, with the existing project checks passing.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.