Improve models performance

**Problem**
When working with helpers, the error messages could be more descriptive.

**Suggestion**
Improve error handling and add detailed error messages.

**Context**
This would help with debugging and maintenance.

The issue does not name any files, tests, or entry points. Start by locating the helpers mentioned in the report and reviewing their current error handling, then identify existing tests or debugging paths that cover those errors. Done means the relevant helper failures produce more descriptive messages and the behavior is covered by tests.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.