No recovery when expecting `>` as a token prefix

### Issue Kind

Bad Diagnostic Produced

### Source Code

```swift
protocol Test {}
```

### Description

Produces the following diagnostics
```
1 │ protocol Test {}
│ ├─ error: expected '>' to end primary associated type clause
│ ╰─ error: unexpected code 'Bar>' in protocol
```

We should be consuming `Bar` as an unexpected token when looking for the closing `>` in the primary associated value clause. The tricky part is that none of our recovery infrastructure supports the recovery to a token prefix.

Came up in https://github.com/apple/swift-syntax/pull/1910#discussion_r1266001556