Compalitation errors when running stan_model on Windows

Summary:

I'm getting error when runnung stan_model on Wondows

Description:

library(rstan)
example(stan_model, package = "rstan", run.dontrun = TRUE)

The error message is the following:

Error in compileCode(f, code, language = language, verbose = verbose) : 
  C:/rtools40/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/Users/nmuravskaya/Documents/R/R-4.0.5/library/rstan/lib/x64/libStanServices.a(stan_fit.o):stan_fit.cpp:(.data$_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2P1[_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2P1]+0x0): multiple definition of `boost::math::detail::bessel_j0<long double>(long double)::P1'; file2bec5ef94a42.o:file2bec5ef94a42.cpp:(.rdata$_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2P1[_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2P1]+0x0): first defined hereC:/rtools40/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.3.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: C:/Users/nmuravskaya/Documents/R/R-4.0.5/library/rstan/lib/x64/libStanServices.a(stan_fit.o):stan_fit.cpp:(.data$_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2QS[_ZZN5boost4math6detail9bessel_j0IeEET_S3_E2QS]+0x0): multiple definition of `boost::math::detail::bessel_j0<long double>(long double)::QS'; file2bec5ef94a42.o:fi
In addition: Warning message:
In system(paste(CXX, ARGS), ignore.stdout = TRUE, ignore.stderr = TRUE) :
  'C:/rtools40/usr/mingw_/bin/g++' not found

I did try to compile packages using all cores

Sys.setenv(MAKEFLAGS = paste0("-j",parallel::detectCores()))

install.packages(c("StanHeaders","rstan"),type="source")

And other recommendations from Stan forum also didn't work

RStan Version:

`> devtools::session_info("rstan")

• Session info ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  setting value
  version R version 4.0.5 (2021-03-31)
  os Windows >= 8 x64
  system x86_64, mingw32
  ui RStudio
  language (EN)
  collate English_United States.1252
  ctype English_United States.1252
  tz America/Los_Angeles
  date 2021-05-20

• Packages -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  package * version date lib source
  backports 1.2.1 2020-12-09 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.3)
  BH 1.75.0-0 2021-01-11 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.3)
  callr 3.7.0 2021-04-20 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  checkmate 2.0.0 2020-02-06 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  cli 2.5.0 2021-04-26 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  colorspace 2.0-1 2021-05-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  crayon 1.4.1 2021-02-08 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  curl 4.3.1 2021-04-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  desc 1.3.0 2021-03-05 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  digest 0.6.27 2020-10-24 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  ellipsis 0.3.2 2021-04-29 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  fansi 0.4.2 2021-01-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  farver 2.1.0 2021-02-28 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  ggplot2 * 3.3.3 2020-12-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  glue 1.4.2 2020-08-27 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  gridExtra 2.3 2017-09-09 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  gtable 0.3.0 2019-03-25 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  inline 0.3.17 2020-12-01 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  isoband 0.2.4 2021-03-03 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  jsonlite 1.7.2 2020-12-09 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  labeling 0.4.2 2020-10-20 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.3)
  lattice 0.20-44 2021-05-02 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  lifecycle 1.0.0 2021-02-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  loo 2.4.1 2020-12-09 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  magrittr 2.0.1 2020-11-17 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  MASS 7.3-54 2021-05-03 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  Matrix 1.2-18 2019-11-27 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.3)
  matrixStats 0.58.0 2021-01-29 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  mgcv 1.8-35 2021-04-18 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  munsell 0.5.0 2018-06-12 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  nlme 3.1-152 2021-02-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  pillar 1.6.1 2021-05-16 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  pkgbuild 1.2.0 2020-12-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  pkgconfig 2.0.3 2019-09-22 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  prettyunits 1.1.1 2020-01-24 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  processx 3.5.2 2021-04-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  ps 1.6.0 2021-02-28 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  R6 2.5.0 2020-10-28 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  RColorBrewer 1.1-2 2014-12-07 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.0)
  Rcpp 1.0.6 2021-01-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  RcppEigen 0.3.3.9.1 2020-12-17 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  RcppParallel 5.1.4 2021-05-04 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  rlang 0.4.11 2021-04-30 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  rprojroot 2.0.2 2020-11-15 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  rstan * 2.21.2 2020-07-27 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  scales 1.1.1 2020-05-11 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.2)
  StanHeaders * 2.21.0-7 2020-12-17 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  tibble 3.1.1 2021-04-18 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  utf8 1.2.1 2021-03-12 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  V8 3.4.2 2021-05-01 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  vctrs 0.3.8 2021-04-29 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  viridisLite 0.4.0 2021-04-13 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)
  withr 2.2.0 2020-04-20 [1] CRAN (R 4.0.5)

[1] C:/Users/nmuravskaya/Documents/R/R-4.0.5/library`

Start by reproducing the stan_model example on Windows with the reported RStan, StanHeaders, R, and Rtools versions. Inspect the reported linker error and missing g++ warning; done means the example compiles successfully without the multiple-definition or compiler-path errors.