Improve CRD maintenance options and fix permissions

I had this in mind for quite some time, but was re-triggered by @NickLarsenNZ's work on https://github.com/stackabletech/issues/issues/798.

Currently, there is a single CRD maintenance option available in all operators:

maintenance:
  customResourceDefinitions:
    maintain: true

A single setting is too limited and currently breaks operator installations in more ways than it needs to. I therefor propose to implement the following changes.

[!NOTE]
All option names are up for debate. The ones below are just the ones I came up with while writing the proposal.

• There should be an option to toggle CRD creation by the operator. This could look like:

  maintenance:
    customResourceDefinitions:
      create: true # (default) or false
  

  This would allow users to opt-out of CRD creation. The create permission on apiextensions.k8s.io/customresourcedefinitions should be appropriately gated.

• There should be an option to toggle the conversion webhook. This could look like:

  maintenance:
    customResourceDefinitions:
      conversion: true # (default) or false
  

  This would allow users to opt-out of creating and running the conversion webhook as part of the operator. It should be noted that opting out of running the conversion webhook requires everyone and everything to use the latest available CRD version going forward as no automatic conversion between older and never CRD versions is performed.

• Remove the existing option, because in combination with two new options this would result in the following (confusing) combination matrix:

  \	maintain	create	conversion	Notes
  1	false	false	false	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. The CRD also isn't maintained, which it also doesn't need to, because the conversion is also turned off*.
  2	true	false	false	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. It is requested to maintain the CRD, but it doesn't need to, because the conversion is turned off*.
  3	false	true	false	The CRDs are created. The CRD isn't maintained, which it also doesn't need to, because the conversion is also turned off*.
  4	false	false	true	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. The CRD also isn't maintained, but the conversion webhook runs. It is however not used, because the conversion webhook configuration is not injected*.
  5	true	true	false	The CRDs are created. It is requested to maintain the CRD, but it doesn't need to, because the conversion is turned off*.
  6	false	true	true	The CRDs are created. The CRD isn't maintained, but the conversion webhook runs. It is however not used, because the conversion webhook configuration is not injected*.
  7	true	false	true	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. The CRD is maintained and the conversion webhook runs. I guess this is useful for deployments where the CRD should be created by a different deployment mechanism, like ArgoCD.
  8	true	true	true	The complete deal. Everything works as expected.

  This can and should be reduced to the following combination matrix:

  \	create	conversion	Notes
  1	false	false	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. Also, no CRDs are maintained and no conversion webhook is running*.
  2	true	false	The CRDs are created. The conversion webhook is not running*.
  3	false	true	No CRDs are created by the operator, different mechanism needed. Once CRDs are established, they can be maintained and converted via the conversion webhook.
  4	true	true	The complete deal. Everything works as expected.

  I would argue this is way easier to grasp and also what users probably expect when using these options.

  * Only the latest CRD version can be used.

• There should be an option to toggle deploying default custom resource objects. This could look like:

  maintenance:
    customResourceDefinitions:
      createDefault: true # (default) or false
  

In addition to the option changes above, I would also like to overhaul how permissions are gated:

• For operators which deploy default custom resource objects for their own CRDs (like listener and secret), the permissions to create and patch these objects should only be granted when createDefault is set to true.
• The permissions to list and watch apiextensions.k8s.io/customresourcedefinitions is always needed as long as we have the crd_established startup condition.
• The permissions to create apiextensions.k8s.io/customresourcedefinitions is only needed when create is set to true. The patch permission is only needed when the CRD needs to be maintained. This is the case when conversion is set to true.

Just adding the new options leads slightly weird naming. I would suggest the following names:

maintenance:
  customResources:
    createDefinitions: true
    createDefaults: true
    convert: true