PrivateLink support

Jira task: https://scylladb.atlassian.net/browse/DRIVER-361
Jira epic: https://scylladb.atlassian.net/browse/DRIVER-54

Copied from Jira epic DRIVER-54:

Idea

Enable dynamodb clients to work properly via NLB PrivateLink

PrivateLink, for the drivers is a load balancer that is deployed for a rack or dc (common case), every node in given scope (rack or dc) is going to have distinct port on this load balancer.

This load balancer will also have one port that targets all the nodes, for initial connection.

Initial connection flow

Driver

Driver configuration

Code example:

/// Information about a PrivateLink deployment for a cluster/node.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct PrivateLinkEndpoint {
    /// Cloud-specific connection identifier
    pub cloud_connection_id: String,

    /// Either DNS name or IP address exposed for this PrivateLink connection, could be empty if private link is deployed with custom CNAME.
    pub endpoint: String,
}

/// Top-level configuration holding all PrivateLink deployments.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
pub struct PrivateLinkConfig {
    pub endpoints: Vec<PrivateLinkEndpoint>,
    pub discoveryPort: u16, // Default is 9042
}

Node operations

When node is added, another distinct port is opened on the load balancer for the node.

When node is removed, port is also decommissioned.

Since there is no way for a client to know to which node it is connected to, we will require from cloud to not to reuse same port when node is removed and added right away.

References

Core design doc: ref

Cloud design doc: ref

Network Diagram:

Migrated from GitHub issue: https://github.com/scylladb/alternator-load-balancing/issues/161

Start with the linked Jira task and the referenced core and cloud design documents, then inspect the client's existing connection and configuration entry points. Define how the initial discovery connection, per-node ports, endpoint configuration, and node add/remove behavior should work. Done means the design is agreed and the required behavior is covered by implementation and tests, but no files or tests are named here.