os error 122 when installing Rust through curl/rustup on WSL

Problem

Rust installation fails while installing component 'rust-docs' due to suggested, but (seemingly) unlikely, unsufficient disk space.

Following 'The Cargo Book', I used curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh to install Rust. While the installation seems to start properly, it quickly stops due to:

info: installing component 'rust-docs'
  6.7 MiB /  19.5 MiB ( 34 %)   2.1 MiB/s in  4s ETA:  6s
52 deferred IO operations
info: rolling back changes
error: failed to extract package (perhaps you ran out of disk space?): Disk quota exceeded (os error 122)

But the disk space has still hundreds of Gb available. I've looked for "os error 122" but could not find anything relevant.

Steps

Run curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh or variants such as curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh, both leading to the exact same error message (see Problem section).

I've tried 'rustup self uninstall' and repeat the steps but it always had the same behaviour.

Possible Solution(s)

No response

Notes

I am using Ubuntu 20.04 on my computer to work remotely on a hpc cluster through ssh. Rust is not already installed on the cluster and I have to use it for some specific software written in rust.

Rustup version

Unknown command (since installation doesn't work>

Installed toolchains

Unknown command (since installation doesn't work>

Start by reproducing the reported curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh installation and capture the rust-docs extraction failure with os error 122. The payload names no repository files or tests; done means identifying whether the failure is caused by the reported WSL, Ubuntu, or HPC/SSH environment and documenting or correcting the installation behavior.