[ICE]: Crash with clippy (looking up a lint level for a module)

Code

See mathstuf/devtodo@adbe499809a48da01f49552857d2ee8f3ea0212f (tagged as rust-crash). Its parent commit is OK. Have not tried to minimize as it might be a duplicate given that nightly is OK.

Meta

rustc --version --verbose:

rustc 1.95.0 (59807616e 2026-04-14)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: 59807616e1fa2540724bfbac14d7976d7e4a3860
commit-date: 2026-04-14
host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
release: 1.95.0
LLVM version: 22.1.2

Does not happen with cargo 1.97.0-nightly (eb94155a9 2026-04-09) (though the incremental cache is almost certainly not shared).

Error output

error: internal compiler error: encountered incremental compilation error with shallow_lint_levels_on(devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude)
  |
  = note: please follow the instructions below to create a bug report with the provided information
  = note: for incremental compilation bugs, having a reproduction is vital
  = note: an ideal reproduction consists of the code before and some patch that then triggers the bug when applied and compiled again
  = note: as a workaround, you can run `cargo clean -p devtodo` or `cargo clean` to allow your project to compile


thread 'rustc' (1869253) panicked at /rustc-dev/59807616e1fa2540724bfbac14d7976d7e4a3860/compiler/rustc_middle/src/verify_ich.rs:80:9:
Found unstable fingerprints for shallow_lint_levels_on(devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude): ShallowLintLevelMap { expectations: [(Stable { hir_id: HirId(DefId(0:27 ~ devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude).0), attr_index: 1, lint_index: Some(0) }, LintExpectation { reason: Some("Construct a prelude module"), emission_span: src/account/prelude.rs:7:11: 7:26 (#0), is_unfulfilled_lint_expectations: false, lint_tool: Some("clippy") })], specs: {0: {LintId { lint: Lint { name: "clippy::PUB_USE", default_level: Allow, desc: "restricts the usage of `pub use`", edition_lint_opts: None, report_in_external_macro: true, future_incompatible: None, is_externally_loaded: true, feature_gate: None, crate_level_only: false, eval_always: false } }: LevelAndSource { level: Expect, lint_id: Some(Stable { hir_id: HirId(DefId(0:27 ~ devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude).0), attr_index: 1, lint_index: Some(0) }), src: Node { name: "clippy::pub_use", span: src/account/prelude.rs:7:11: 7:26 (#0), reason: Some("Construct a prelude module") } }}} }
stack backtrace:
   0:     0x7f520c39314b - <<std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::sys::backtrace::BacktraceLock>::print::DisplayBacktrace as core[c1f1a4ba060b9bfa]::fmt::Display>::fmt
   1:     0x7f520ca1f408 - core[c1f1a4ba060b9bfa]::fmt::write
   2:     0x7f520df683b6 - <std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::sys::stdio::unix::Stderr as std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::io::Write>::write_fmt
   3:     0x7f520c369238 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::default_hook::{closure#0}
   4:     0x7f520c3865b3 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::default_hook
   5:     0x7f520b35cc30 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::update_hook::<alloc[fdfd2bd8633a6659]::boxed::Box<rustc_driver_impl[e4ca9dd5dd6cf2a8]::install_ice_hook::{closure#1}>>::{closure#0}
   6:     0x7f520c386892 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::panic_with_hook
   7:     0x7f520c3692f8 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::panic_handler::{closure#0}
   8:     0x7f520c360029 - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::sys::backtrace::__rust_end_short_backtrace::<std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::panicking::panic_handler::{closure#0}, !>
   9:     0x7f520c36ad5d - __rustc[b7974e8690430dd9]::rust_begin_unwind
  10:     0x7f52090de82c - core[c1f1a4ba060b9bfa]::panicking::panic_fmt
  11:     0x7f520b9987d8 - rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::verify_ich::incremental_verify_ich_failed
  12:     0x7f520cb2d9d5 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::execution::try_execute_query::<rustc_data_structures[2c167692117eb14d]::vec_cache::VecCache<rustc_hir_id[8623c9f51ef46e37]::OwnerId, rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 8usize]>, rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepNodeIndex>, true>
  13:     0x7f520cb2c672 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::query_impl::shallow_lint_levels_on::execute_query_incr::__rust_end_short_backtrace
  14:     0x7f520cb28e71 - rustc_lint[754bcbf59f34f28d]::levels::lints_that_dont_need_to_run
  15:     0x7f520dc43f5c - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::query_impl::lints_that_dont_need_to_run::invoke_provider_fn::__rust_begin_short_backtrace
  16:     0x7f520dc46fdd - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::execution::try_execute_query::<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::caches::SingleCache<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 8usize]>>, true>
  17:     0x7f520dc46b15 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::plumbing::force_from_dep_node_inner::<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::caches::SingleCache<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 8usize]>>>
  18:     0x7f520e0e93f9 - <rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::dep_kind_vtables::make_dep_kind_vtable_for_query<rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::query_impl::lints_that_dont_need_to_run::VTableGetter>::{closure#0} as core[c1f1a4ba060b9bfa]::ops::function::FnOnce<(rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::ty::context::TyCtxt, rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::dep_node::DepNode, rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::serialized::SerializedDepNodeIndex)>>::call_once
  19:     0x7f520cb40969 - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  20:     0x7f520cb408ce - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  21:     0x7f520cb408ce - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  22:     0x7f520cb408ce - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  23:     0x7f520cb408ce - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  24:     0x7f520cb408ce - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraphData>::try_mark_previous_green
  25:     0x7f520d85493f - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::dep_graph::graph::DepGraph>::try_mark_green
  26:     0x7f520d6ea352 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::execution::check_if_ensure_can_skip_execution::<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::caches::DefaultCache<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::ty::PseudoCanonicalInput<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::mir::interpret::GlobalId>, rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 24usize]>>>
  27:     0x7f520d6ea6a0 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::query_impl::eval_to_const_value_raw::execute_query_incr::__rust_end_short_backtrace
  28:     0x7f520cf68f75 - <rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::ty::context::TyCtxt>::par_hir_body_owners::<rustc_hir_analysis[1442f5e3e8e9992f]::check_crate::{closure#2}>::{closure#0}
  29:     0x7f520cf685a9 - rustc_hir_analysis[1442f5e3e8e9992f]::check_crate
  30:     0x7f520cb367d3 - rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::passes::analysis
  31:     0x7f520dfec447 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::execution::try_execute_query::<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::caches::SingleCache<rustc_middle[9956b31dc9b62104]::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 0usize]>>, true>
  32:     0x7f520dfebdb4 - rustc_query_impl[b21371cac9e22a84]::query_impl::analysis::execute_query_incr::__rust_end_short_backtrace
  33:     0x7f520dc5632d - rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::interface::run_compiler::<(), rustc_driver_impl[e4ca9dd5dd6cf2a8]::run_compiler::{closure#0}>::{closure#1}
  34:     0x7f520dc2663e - std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::sys::backtrace::__rust_begin_short_backtrace::<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::util::run_in_thread_with_globals<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::util::run_in_thread_pool_with_globals<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::interface::run_compiler<(), rustc_driver_impl[e4ca9dd5dd6cf2a8]::run_compiler::{closure#0}>::{closure#1}, ()>::{closure#0}, ()>::{closure#0}::{closure#0}, ()>
  35:     0x7f520dc26ca0 - <std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::thread::lifecycle::spawn_unchecked<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::util::run_in_thread_with_globals<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::util::run_in_thread_pool_with_globals<rustc_interface[c8170c4b7b680ee8]::interface::run_compiler<(), rustc_driver_impl[e4ca9dd5dd6cf2a8]::run_compiler::{closure#0}>::{closure#1}, ()>::{closure#0}, ()>::{closure#0}::{closure#0}, ()>::{closure#1} as core[c1f1a4ba060b9bfa]::ops::function::FnOnce<()>>::call_once::{shim:vtable#0}
  36:     0x7f520dc27b2c - <std[e28293b1aa0f68bd]::sys::thread::unix::Thread>::new::thread_start
  37:     0x7f5207644d19 - start_thread
  38:     0x7f52076c864c - __clone3
  39:                0x0 - <unknown>

error: the compiler unexpectedly panicked. This is a bug

note: we would appreciate a bug report: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/new?template=ice.yml

note: rustc 1.95.0 (59807616e 2026-04-14) running on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

note: compiler flags: -C embed-bitcode=no -C debuginfo=2 -C incremental=[REDACTED]

note: some of the compiler flags provided by cargo are hidden

query stack during panic:
#0 [shallow_lint_levels_on] looking up lint levels for `account::prelude`
#1 [lints_that_dont_need_to_run] Computing all lints that are explicitly enabled or with a default level greater than Allow
... and 1 other queries... use `env RUST_BACKTRACE=1` to see the full query stack
note: Clippy version: clippy 0.1.95 (59807616e1 2026-04-14)

there was a panic while trying to force a dep node
try_mark_green dep node stack:
#0 mir_promoted(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#1 mir_borrowck(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#2 mir_drops_elaborated_and_const_checked(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#3 mir_for_ctfe(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#4 eval_to_allocation_raw(a7bfd86a5df2ade4-c300e6a36a4c697c)
#5 eval_to_const_value_raw(a7bfd86a5df2ade4-c300e6a36a4c697c)
end of try_mark_green dep node stack
error: could not compile `devtodo` (bin "devtodo" test) due to 1 previous error

error: internal compiler error: encountered incremental compilation error with shallow_lint_levels_on(devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude)
  |
  = note: please follow the instructions below to create a bug report with the provided information
  = note: for incremental compilation bugs, having a reproduction is vital
  = note: an ideal reproduction consists of the code before and some patch that then triggers the bug when applied and compiled again
  = note: as a workaround, you can run `cargo clean -p devtodo` or `cargo clean` to allow your project to compile


thread 'rustc' (15479) panicked at /rustc-dev/59807616e1fa2540724bfbac14d7976d7e4a3860/compiler/rustc_middle/src/verify_ich.rs:80:9:
Found unstable fingerprints for shallow_lint_levels_on(devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude): ShallowLintLevelMap { expectations: [(Stable { hir_id: HirId(DefId(0:27 ~ devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude).0), attr_index: 1, lint_index: Some(0) }, LintExpectation { reason: Some("Construct a prelude module"), emission_span: src/account/prelude.rs:7:11: 7:26 (#0), is_unfulfilled_lint_expectations: false, lint_tool: Some("clippy") })], specs: {0: {LintId { lint: Lint { name: "clippy::PUB_USE", default_level: Allow, desc: "restricts the usage of `pub use`", edition_lint_opts: None, report_in_external_macro: true, future_incompatible: None, is_externally_loaded: true, feature_gate: None, crate_level_only: false, eval_always: false } }: LevelAndSource { level: Expect, lint_id: Some(Stable { hir_id: HirId(DefId(0:27 ~ devtodo[10cf]::account::prelude).0), attr_index: 1, lint_index: Some(0) }), src: Node { name: "clippy::pub_use", span: src/account/prelude.rs:7:11: 7:26 (#0), reason: Some("Construct a prelude module") } }}} }
stack backtrace:
   0: __rustc::rust_begin_unwind
   1: core::panicking::panic_fmt
   2: rustc_middle::verify_ich::incremental_verify_ich_failed
   3: rustc_query_impl::execution::try_execute_query::<rustc_data_structures::vec_cache::VecCache<rustc_hir_id::OwnerId, rustc_middle::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 8]>, rustc_middle::dep_graph::graph::DepNodeIndex>, true>
   4: rustc_lint::levels::lints_that_dont_need_to_run
      [... omitted 11 frames ...]
   5: <rustc_middle::ty::context::TyCtxt>::par_hir_body_owners::<rustc_hir_analysis::check_crate::{closure#2}>::{closure#0}
   6: rustc_hir_analysis::check_crate
   7: rustc_interface::passes::analysis
   8: rustc_query_impl::execution::try_execute_query::<rustc_middle::query::caches::SingleCache<rustc_middle::query::erase::ErasedData<[u8; 0]>>, true>
   9: rustc_interface::interface::run_compiler::<(), rustc_driver_impl::run_compiler::{closure#0}>::{closure#1}
note: Some details are omitted, run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=full` for a verbose backtrace.

error: the compiler unexpectedly panicked. This is a bug

note: we would appreciate a bug report: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/new?template=ice.yml

note: rustc 1.95.0 (59807616e 2026-04-14) running on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

note: compiler flags: -C embed-bitcode=no -C debuginfo=2 -C incremental=[REDACTED]

note: some of the compiler flags provided by cargo are hidden

query stack during panic:
#0 [shallow_lint_levels_on] looking up lint levels for `account::prelude`
#1 [lints_that_dont_need_to_run] Computing all lints that are explicitly enabled or with a default level greater than Allow
#2 [analysis] running analysis passes on crate `devtodo`
end of query stack
note: Clippy version: clippy 0.1.95 (59807616e1 2026-04-14)

there was a panic while trying to force a dep node
try_mark_green dep node stack:
#0 mir_promoted(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#1 mir_borrowck(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#2 mir_drops_elaborated_and_const_checked(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#3 mir_for_ctfe(devtodo[10cf]::account::github::client::BACKOFF_START)
#4 eval_to_allocation_raw(a7bfd86a5df2ade4-c300e6a36a4c697c)
#5 eval_to_const_value_raw(a7bfd86a5df2ade4-c300e6a36a4c697c)
end of try_mark_green dep node stack
error: could not compile `devtodo` (bin "devtodo" test) due to 1 previous error

Start by checking mathstuf/devtodo commit adbe499809a48da01f49552857d2ee8f3ea0212 with rustc 1.95.0 and incremental compilation, using src/account/prelude.rs and the reported clippy::PUB_USE expectation. Then inspect rustc_middle/src/verify_ich.rs and the shallow_lint_levels_on query. Done means a minimized reproduction and a confirmed resolution of the incremental compilation ICE.