CMake components fails to build on Mac Catalyst

Running:

./x.py build --set=build.sanitizers=true --target=aarch64-apple-ios-macabi

Currently fails with:

... snip

running: cd "/rust/build/aarch64-apple-ios-macabi/native/sanitizers/build" && DESTDIR="" "cmake" "--build" "." "--target" "clang_rt.asan_osx_dynamic" "--config" "Release" "--" "-j" "12"
[1/14] Building CXX object lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_win.cpp.o
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-L/usr/lib' [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
[2/14] Building CXX object lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_premap_shadow.cpp.o
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-L/usr/lib' [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
[3/14] Building CXX object lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_malloc_mac.cpp.o
FAILED: lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_malloc_mac.cpp.o 
/usr/bin/clang++ -DASAN_DYNAMIC=1 -I/rust/src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/.. -fPIC --target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk -isystem /usr/include -iframework /System/Library/Frameworks -L/usr/lib -F/System/Library/Frameworks -Wall -O3 -DNDEBUG -std=c++17 -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -arch x86_64h -stdlib=libc++ -mmacosx-version-min=10.10 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX14.5.sdk -fPIC -fno-builtin -fno-exceptions -funwind-tables -fno-stack-protector -fno-sanitize=safe-stack -fvisibility=hidden -fno-lto -O3 -g -nostdinc++ -fno-rtti -Wno-format -ftls-model=initial-exec -MD -MT lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_malloc_mac.cpp.o -MF lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_malloc_mac.cpp.o.d -o lib/asan/CMakeFiles/RTAsan_dynamic.osx.dir/asan_malloc_mac.cpp.o -c /rust/src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/asan_malloc_mac.cpp
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: overriding '-mmacosx-version-min=10.10' option with '--target=arm64-apple-ios-macabi' [-Woverriding-t-option]
clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-L/usr/lib' [-Wunused-command-line-argument]
In file included from /rust/src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/asan_malloc_mac.cpp:66:
/rust/src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/../sanitizer_common/sanitizer_malloc_mac.inc:20:10: fatal error: 'CoreFoundation/CFBase.h' file not found
#include <CoreFoundation/CFBase.h>
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/rust/src/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/../sanitizer_common/sanitizer_malloc_mac.inc:20:10: note: did not find header 'CFBase.h' in framework 'CoreFoundation' (loaded from '/System/Library/Frameworks')
1 error generated.

... snip

This is preventing us from distributing a sanitizer runtime with rustup on Mac Catalyst, see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/126450.

Still have to do some more digging, but it seems like the issue is that iOSSupport libraries aren't passed to CMake, as is otherwise done in the ecosystem. In general, it seems like CMake has poor support for Mac Catalyst.

I'll try to fix this, both in the cmake crate and perhaps in CMake itself.
@rustbot claim

Linking https://github.com/leetal/ios-cmake and https://gitlab.kitware.com/cmake/cmake/-/blob/master/Modules/Platform/Apple-Clang.cmake to myself for later (might contain some of the relevant CMake configuration needed for this).

@rustbot label O-apple