Compiling this code caused the compiler to block

I tried this code:

pub trait Trait<T> {
    fn f(&self) -> T;
}

pub struct S1<'a>(pub &'a Box<S3<'a>>);

pub struct S2<'a>(pub Vec<S1<'a>>);

pub struct S3<'a>(pub Vec<S2<'a>>);

impl<T> Trait<T> for S1<'_>
where
    for<'a> S1<'a>: Trait<T>,
    for<'a> S3<'a>: Trait<T>,
{
    fn f(&self) -> T {
        self.0.f()
    }
}

impl<T> Trait<T> for S2<'_>
where
    for<'a> S1<'a>: Trait<T>,
{
    fn f(&self) -> T {
        _ = self.0.iter().map(|s| s.f());
        todo!()
    }
}

impl<T> Trait<T> for S3<'_>
where
    for<'a> S2<'a>: Trait<T>,
{
    fn f(&self) -> T {
        _ = self.0.iter().map(|s| s.f());
        todo!()
    }
}

fn main() {
    S3(vec![]).f();
}

I expected to see this happen: Compilation completed to obtain binary file, or compiler returns an error.

Instead, this happened: Increased CPU and memory usage, unable to compile or exit for a long time.

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rustc --version --verbose:

rustc 1.78.0 (9b00956e5 2024-04-29)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: 9b00956e56009bab2aa15d7bff10916599e3d6d6
commit-date: 2024-04-29
host: aarch64-apple-darwin
release: 1.78.0
LLVM version: 18.1.2

rustc +nightly --version --verbose:

rustc 1.80.0-nightly (791adf759 2024-05-21)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: 791adf759cc065316f054961875052d5bc03e16c
commit-date: 2024-05-21
host: aarch64-apple-darwin
release: 1.80.0-nightly
LLVM version: 18.1.6

   Compiling rs_block_compile v0.1.0 (/Users/umoho/Devs/rs_block_compile)
    Building [                             ] 0/1: rs_block_compile(bin) 

Start by compiling the standalone Rust reproducer with the stable and nightly rustc versions listed in the issue, confirming whether compilation still consumes excessive CPU and memory. Trace the compiler path involved in resolving the recursive trait and lifetime bounds; done means the example terminates with either a binary or a diagnostic instead of blocking indefinitely.