`-C instrument-coverage` does not work with `crate-type = ["dylib"]` dependency on windows-msvc

Repro

# Cargo.toml
[package]
name = "repro"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[dependencies]
dylib = { path = "dylib" }

// src\lib.rs
use dylib as _; // link dylib

pub fn double(x: i64) -> i64 {
    x * x
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use crate::double;

    #[test]
    fn test_double() {
        assert_eq!(4, double(2))
    }
}

# dylib\Cargo.toml
[package]
name = "dylib"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[lib]
crate-type = ["dylib"]

// dylib\src\lib.rs
// empty

# With powershell
$ $env:RUSTFLAGS="-C instrument-coverage"; cargo test --tests -v
   Compiling dylib v0.1.0 (C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\dylib)
     Running `rustc --crate-name dylib --edition=2021 dylib\src\lib.rs --error-format=json --json=diagnostic-rendered-ansi,artifacts,future-incompat --diagnostic-width=183 --crate-type dylib --emit=dep-info,link -C prefer-dynamic -C embed-bitcode=no -C debuginfo=2 -C metadata=7a6a43aab10b14a1 --out-dir C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps -C incremental=C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\incremental -L dependency=C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps -C instrument-coverage`
   Compiling repro v0.1.0 (C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging)
     Running `rustc --crate-name repro --edition=2021 src\lib.rs --error-format=json --json=diagnostic-rendered-ansi,artifacts,future-incompat --diagnostic-width=183 --emit=dep-info,link -C embed-bitcode=no -C debuginfo=2 --test -C metadata=ab884994c6371615 -C extra-filename=-ab884994c6371615 --out-dir C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps -C incremental=C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\incremental -L dependency=C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps --extern dylib=C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps\dylib.dll -C instrument-coverage`
    Finished `test` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.40s
     Running `C:\Users\taiki\projects\tmp\coverage_debugging\target\debug\deps\repro-ab884994c6371615.exe`

running 1 test
test test::test_double ... ok

test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s

LLVM Profile Error: Runtime and instrumentation version mismatch : expected 9, but get -1879048144

I expected to see this happen: no "LLVM Profile Error"

Instead, this happened: the above "LLVM Profile Error"

If the dependency is not dylib, or if the dylib crate itself is tested alone, this problem does not occur.
This problem also occurs when both the repro crate and the dylib crate are dylib.

Originally reported in https://github.com/taiki-e/cargo-llvm-cov/issues/364 by @mdeering24.

Meta

rustc --version --verbose:

rustc 1.79.0-nightly (ef8b9dcf2 2024-04-24)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: ef8b9dcf23700f2e2265317611460d3a65c19eff
commit-date: 2024-04-24
host: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
release: 1.79.0-nightly
LLVM version: 18.1.4

Reproduce the Windows-MSVC case using the root Cargo.toml, src/lib.rs, dylib/Cargo.toml, and dylib/src/lib.rs, with RUSTFLAGS set to -C instrument-coverage. Start by comparing the rustc invocations for the repro and dylib crates. Done means cargo test completes without the LLVM Profile Error for a dylib dependency.