Infinite Loop when Evaluating Recursive Type

I tried the code:

trait Access {
    type Downcast: Access;
}

trait Mapping<X: Access> {}

trait AllowedMappingLoopback<X: Access> {
    type Chain: AllowedMapping<X::Downcast>;
}
impl<X: Access> AllowedMappingLoopback<X> for X
where
    X: AllowedMapping<X::Downcast>,
{
    type Chain = X;
}

trait AllowedMapping<X: Access>: AllowedMappingLoopback<X, Chain = Self> {}
impl<X: Access, T> AllowedMapping<X> for T where
    T: Mapping<X> + AllowedMappingLoopback<X, Chain = Self>
{
}

fn do_thing_with_allowed<X: Access>(mapping: impl AllowedMapping<X>) {}

struct BasicMapping;

fn test() {
    do_thing_with_allowed(BasicMapping);
}

This results in an infinite loop within the compiler, within both the latest nightly (1.78.0 (2024-03-12)) and stable (1.76.0).
(see playground)

The issue provides a Rust reproducer and a Rust Playground link; start by running it on stable and nightly to confirm the infinite loop while evaluating the recursive trait bounds. Trace the compiler's evaluation of those bounds and finish when the example terminates without looping, with appropriate regression coverage identified during investigation.