Clippy fix to owned Result returned on if .is_err(), produces broken code

Summary

This is the clippy warning for the below code. Following it produces broken code.

warning: this block may be rewritten with the `?` operator
  --> src/lib.rs:19:9
   |
19 | /         if res.is_err() {
20 | |             return res;
21 | |         }
   | |_________^ help: replace it with: `res.as_ref()?;`

Reproducer

pub struct Error;

pub struct First;

pub trait CheckError {
    fn check_error(&self) -> Result<(), Error>;
}

impl CheckError for First {
    fn check_error(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
        Ok(())
    }
}

pub fn check_many_errors(item_list: &Vec<First>) -> Result<(), Error> {
    for item in item_list {
        let res = item.check_error();

        if res.is_err() {
            return res;
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}

cargo clippy --fix

produces

warning: failed to automatically apply fixes suggested by rustc to crate `testy`

after fixes were automatically applied the compiler reported errors within these files:

  * src/lib.rs

This likely indicates a bug in either rustc or cargo itself,
and we would appreciate a bug report! You're likely to see 
a number of compiler warnings after this message which cargo
attempted to fix but failed. If you could open an issue at
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues
quoting the full output of this command we'd be very appreciative!
Note that you may be able to make some more progress in the near-term
fixing code with the `--broken-code` flag

The following errors were reported:
error[E0277]: `?` couldn't convert the error to `Error`
  --> src/lib.rs:19:21
   |
15 | pub fn check_many_errors(item_list: &Vec<First>) -> Result<(), Error> {
   |                                                     ----------------- expected `Error` because of this
...
19 |         res.as_ref()?;
   |                     ^ the trait `std::convert::From<&Error>` is not implemented for `Error`
   |
   = note: the question mark operation (`?`) implicitly performs a conversion on the error value using the `From` trait
   = help: the following other types implement trait `std::ops::FromResidual<R>`:
             <std::result::Result<T, F> as std::ops::FromResidual<std::ops::Yeet<E>>>
             <std::result::Result<T, F> as std::ops::FromResidual<std::result::Result<std::convert::Infallible, E>>>
   = note: required for `std::result::Result<(), Error>` to implement `std::ops::FromResidual<std::result::Result<std::convert::Infallible, &Error>>`

error: aborting due to previous error

For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
Original diagnostics will follow.

Version

rustc 1.69.0-nightly (ef982929c 2023-01-27)
binary: rustc
commit-hash: ef982929c0b653436a6ea6892a2a839fba7c8b57
commit-date: 2023-01-27
host: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
release: 1.69.0-nightly
LLVM version: 15.0.7

Additional Labels

@rustbot label +I-suggestion-causes-error

Start with the reproducer in src/lib.rs and run cargo clippy --fix using the reported rustc version. Trace the lint that suggests res.as_ref()? and add a regression case covering an owned Result whose error cannot be borrowed through ?. Done means the suggested fix no longer produces broken code and the reproducer compiles.