LaTeX - Floats defined by `newfloat` don't support subfloats: listings, custom crossrefs, etc.

Bug description

Issue: Sublistings Failing to Render in PDF Output

When attempting to render a Quarto document to PDF, sublistings are not being supported.
The error varies depending on whether the listings option is enabled or disabled.

I have expected to work the same way as figures.

It works as expected for the HTML output.

Possible Solution

• When listings: true: Define the codelisting environment within the LaTeX preamble to mimic the behavior of figures, allowing for the inclusion of captions and references for code listings.

• When listings: false: Add initialization of the `subcodelisting' counter to the default TeX template/preamble.

Additional Notes

The expected functionality was assumed to be analogous to that of figures within the document.
However, due to my limited knowledge in Quarto, LaTeX, and Lua, I am not able to provide a more comprehensive solution.

Steps to reproduce

---
title: Sublistings Issue
format: 
    pdf:
        listings: true
        keep-tex: true
---

:::: {#lst-multiple-listings}

::: {#lst-foo}
```{.json}
{
    "test": "foo"
}
```

Foo
:::

::: {#lst-bar}
```{.json}
{
    "test": "bar"
}
```

Bar
:::

::::

Referencing listing group @lst-multiple-listings.

Referencing sublistings @lst-foo, @lst-bar.

Expected behavior

The document should render to PDF without any errors, supporting sublistings similar to how sub-figures are handled.

Actual behavior

When listings: true

sublistings_issue_listings_true.log

quarto render sublistings_issue.qmd 
pandoc 
  to: latex
  output-file: sublistings_issue.tex
  standalone: true
  pdf-engine: xelatex
  variables:
    graphics: true
    tables: true
  default-image-extension: pdf
  listings: true
  
metadata
  documentclass: scrartcl
  classoption:
    - DIV=11
    - numbers=noendperiod
  papersize: letter
  header-includes:
    - '\KOMAoption{captions}{tableheading}'
  block-headings: true
  title: Sublistings Issue
  

Rendering PDF
running xelatex - 1
  This is XeTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-0.999996 (TeX Live 2024) (preloaded format=xelatex)
   restricted \write18 enabled.
  entering extended mode
  
updating tlmgr

updating existing packages
ERROR: 
compilation failed- error
LaTeX Error: Environment codelisting undefined.

See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...                                              
                                                  
l.149 \begin{codelisting}
                          

see sublistings_issue.log for more information.
ERROR: Error
    at renderFiles (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:77074:29)
    at eventLoopTick (ext:core/01_core.js:183:11)
    at async render (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:81807:21)
    at async Command.fn (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:81954:32)
    at async Command.execute (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:8104:13)
    at async quarto (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:114968:5)
    at async file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:114986:9

When listings: false

sublistings_issue_listings_false.log

quarto render sublistings_issue.qmd 
pandoc 
  to: latex
  output-file: sublistings_issue.tex
  standalone: true
  pdf-engine: xelatex
  variables:
    graphics: true
    tables: true
  default-image-extension: pdf
  listings: false
  
metadata
  documentclass: scrartcl
  classoption:
    - DIV=11
    - numbers=noendperiod
  papersize: letter
  header-includes:
    - '\KOMAoption{captions}{tableheading}'
  block-headings: true
  title: Sublistings Issue
  

Rendering PDF
running xelatex - 1
  This is XeTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-0.999996 (TeX Live 2024) (preloaded format=xelatex)
   restricted \write18 enabled.
  entering extended mode
  
updating tlmgr

updating existing packages
ERROR: 
compilation failed- error
Package caption Error: Undefined counter `subcodelisting'.

See the caption package documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...                                              
                                                  
l.194 \subcaption
                 {\label{lst-foo}Foo} 

see sublistings_issue.log for more information.
ERROR: Error
    at renderFiles (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:77074:29)
    at eventLoopTick (ext:core/01_core.js:183:11)
    at async render (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:81807:21)
    at async Command.fn (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:81954:32)
    at async Command.execute (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:8104:13)
    at async quarto (file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:114968:5)
    at async file:///opt/quarto/bin/quarto.js:114986:9

Rendering to HTML

Rendering to HTML works without errors, output looks as expected.

quarto render sublistings_issue.qmd --to html
pandoc 
  to: html
  output-file: sublistings_issue.html
  standalone: true
  section-divs: true
  html-math-method: mathjax
  wrap: none
  default-image-extension: png
  
metadata
  document-css: false
  link-citations: true
  date-format: long
  lang: en
  title: Sublistings Issue
  
Output created: sublistings_issue.html

Your environment

• IDE: Notepad + Terminal
• OS: Linux Mint 20.3 Cinnamon

Quarto check output

quarto check
Quarto 1.4.549
[✓] Checking versions of quarto binary dependencies...
      Pandoc version 3.1.11: OK
      Dart Sass version 1.69.5: OK
      Deno version 1.37.2: OK
[✓] Checking versions of quarto dependencies......OK
[✓] Checking Quarto installation......OK
      Version: 1.4.549
      Path: /opt/quarto/bin

[✓] Checking tools....................OK
      TinyTeX: v2024.03.13
      Chromium: 869685

[✓] Checking LaTeX....................OK
      Using: TinyTex
      Path: /home/bertlluk/.TinyTeX/bin/x86_64-linux
      Version: 2024

[✓] Checking basic markdown render....OK

[✓] Checking Python 3 installation....OK
      Version: 3.8.10
      Path: /usr/bin/python3
      Jupyter: 5.3.0
      Kernels: python3

[✓] Checking Jupyter engine render....OK

[✓] Checking R installation...........(None)

      Unable to locate an installed version of R.
      Install R from https://cloud.r-project.org/