Provide error or feature for listings outside of websites

Bug description

Trying to generate a listing or custom listing in formats other than a Quarto project: website silently fail and doesn't do anything.

It would be great to be able to leverage listings outside of websites to generate tables, cards, grids, etc for single-page applications/reports without having to use R/Python. If it's not reasonable to add this feature to non-websites, it would be good to error/warn the user that it's not doing anything.

Minimal example - works on a website, but fails silently without the _quarto.yml file using Quarto: 0.9.600

---
format: html
listing: 
  - id: table
    type: table
    contents:
      title: "My cool report"
      subtitle: "It has neat things in it"
      date: "2022-06-23"
---

::: {#table}
:::

Checklist

• formatted your issue so it is easier for us to read?
• included a minimal, self-contained, and reproducible example?
• documented the quarto version you're running, by providing the output produced by quarto check in a terminal in your issue?
• documented the RStudio IDE version you're running (if applicable), by providing the value displayed in the "About RStudio" main menu dialog?
• documented which operating system you're running? If on Linux, please provide the specific distribution as well.
• upgraded to the latest version, including your versions of R, the RStudio IDE, and relevant R packages?