cross-reference labels from raw latex

If I create a figure or table in raw latex:

\begin{figure}[h!]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{figure/path}
\end{center}
\caption{My caption}
\label{fig-label}
\caption*{\footnotesize Note: A note}
\end{figure}

I can't cross-reference @fig-label. Is that by design? Is there some way to have them be cross-references as a workaround?

The reason I need to use raw latex instead of using markdown, is that I need a note underneath the figure. If there's some way to do that with using markdown, that would be even better!

The issue names no files, tests, or entry points. Reproduce the raw-LaTeX figure in a Quarto document and compare its label with a Markdown figure in the generated output. Done means that @fig-label works for raw-LaTeX figures, or that a supported workaround for notes under figures is documented.