False positive error "incompatible type" calling super() on a generic class with TypeVar constraints

Reduced test case (mypy-playground):

from typing import Generic, TypeVar

T = TypeVar("T", float, int)


class C(Generic[T]):
    def __init__(self, i: T) -> None:
        self.i: T = i


class B(C[T]):
    def __init__(self, i: T) -> None:
        super().__init__(i)

main.py: note: In member "__init__" of class "B":
main.py:13:26: error: Argument 1 to "__init__" of "C" has incompatible type "float"; expected "T"  [arg-type]
main.py:13:26: error: Argument 1 to "__init__" of "C" has incompatible type "int"; expected "T"  [arg-type]
Found 2 errors in 1 file (checked 1 source file)

Originally posted by @leandro-lucarella-frequenz in https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/13566#issuecomment-1443582479 (this is a very similar issue but not exactly the same)

Start by running the reduced Python example from the issue with mypy and compare its diagnostics with the expected behavior for the constrained TypeVar. Trace the handling of generic base classes and the super() call, then add or update a regression test so this example no longer reports incompatible types while genuine errors remain diagnosed.