Document dataclass field should not be reused

Documentation

The current implementation of dataclass modifies a field in place. Thereby, the following code will modify f:

from dataclasses import dataclass, field

f = field(kw_only=True)

@dataclass
class A:
    x: int = f
    y: int = f

print(f) # now f.name is filled
# furthermore, A is broken (or does not behave if we used two different field instance)

It can create issues when we have multiple fields that have the same spec and we reuse the same Field instance to set the same metadata to all of them. A class is created but it's garbage.

IMHO, in the docs, we should warn the user to NOT share any Field instance.

Linked PRs

• gh-145373
• gh-145387

Start by reviewing the dataclass and Field documentation and the linked PRs gh-145373 and gh-145387. Add a clear warning not to reuse a Field instance across dataclass fields, and consider the example in the issue complete when the documented guidance addresses the resulting mutation and broken class behavior.