Multiple constraints dependencies collapsing with groups

Description

A pyproject.toml using Poetry style dependencies, with a single requirement having different extras across multiple groups, will unhelpfully collapse all the version-specific requirements.

Before version 2, the different versions would all be expressed in the poetry.lock, but after version 2 only the lowest version is kept in the lockfile.
This causes a lot of issues downstream when installing to multiple Python versions, because the test pipeline assumes that wheels will be available for the locked version.

$ poetry --version
Poetry (version 2.0.1)

$ poetry debug info

Poetry
Version: 2.0.1
Python:  3.12.7

Virtualenv
Python:         3.12.1
Implementation: CPython
Path:           /Users/user/poetry_test/.venv
Executable:     /Users/user/poetry_test/.venv/bin/python
Valid:          True

Base
Platform:   darwin
OS:         posix
Python:     3.12.1
Path:       /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12
Executable: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/bin/python3.12

Failing example pyproject.toml:

[project]
name = "poetry-group-extra-collapse"
version = "0.1.0"
requires-python = ">=3.6.2,<4"
description = ""

dynamic = ["dependencies"]

[tool.poetry.dependencies]
pandas = [
    { version = "*", python = ">=3.9" },
    { version = "<2.1", python = "~3.8" },
    { version = "<1.4", python = "~3.7.1" },
    { version = "<1.2", python = "<3.7.1,>=3.6.1" },
]

[tool.poetry.group.hdf.dependencies]
pandas = [
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "*", python = ">=3.9" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<2.1", python = "~3.8" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<1.4", python = "~3.7.1" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<1.2", python = "<3.7.1,>=3.6.1" },
]

[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core>=2.0.0,<3.0.0"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

Failing poetry.lock:

# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.0.1 and should not be changed by hand.

[[package]]
name = "numpy"
version = "1.19.5"
description = "NumPy is the fundamental package for array computing with Python."
optional = false
python-versions = ">=3.6"
groups = ["main"]
files = [
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:cc6bd4fd593cb261332568485e20a0712883cf631f6f5e8e86a52caa8b2b50ff"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:aeb9ed923be74e659984e321f609b9ba54a48354bfd168d21a2b072ed1e833ea"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8b5e972b43c8fc27d56550b4120fe6257fdc15f9301914380b27f74856299fea"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:43d4c81d5ffdff6bae58d66a3cd7f54a7acd9a0e7b18d97abb255defc09e3140"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a4646724fba402aa7504cd48b4b50e783296b5e10a524c7a6da62e4a8ac9698d"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:2e55195bc1c6b705bfd8ad6f288b38b11b1af32f3c8289d6c50d47f950c12e76"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:39b70c19ec771805081578cc936bbe95336798b7edf4732ed102e7a43ec5c07a"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:dbd18bcf4889b720ba13a27ec2f2aac1981bd41203b3a3b27ba7a33f88ae4827"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:603aa0706be710eea8884af807b1b3bc9fb2e49b9f4da439e76000f3b3c6ff0f"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:cae865b1cae1ec2663d8ea56ef6ff185bad091a5e33ebbadd98de2cfa3fa668f"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:36674959eed6957e61f11c912f71e78857a8d0604171dfd9ce9ad5cbf41c511c"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:06fab248a088e439402141ea04f0fffb203723148f6ee791e9c75b3e9e82f080"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:6149a185cece5ee78d1d196938b2a8f9d09f5a5ebfbba66969302a778d5ddd1d"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:50a4a0ad0111cc1b71fa32dedd05fa239f7fb5a43a40663269bb5dc7877cfd28"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:d051ec1c64b85ecc69531e1137bb9751c6830772ee5c1c426dbcfe98ef5788d7"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:a12ff4c8ddfee61f90a1633a4c4afd3f7bcb32b11c52026c92a12e1325922d0d"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:cf2402002d3d9f91c8b01e66fbb436a4ed01c6498fffed0e4c7566da1d40ee1e"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:1ded4fce9cfaaf24e7a0ab51b7a87be9038ea1ace7f34b841fe3b6894c721d1c"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:012426a41bc9ab63bb158635aecccc7610e3eff5d31d1eb43bc099debc979d94"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:759e4095edc3c1b3ac031f34d9459fa781777a93ccc633a472a5468587a190ff"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a9d17f2be3b427fbb2bce61e596cf555d6f8a56c222bd2ca148baeeb5e5c783c"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:99abf4f353c3d1a0c7a5f27699482c987cf663b1eac20db59b8c7b061eabd7fc"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:384ec0463d1c2671170901994aeb6dce126de0a95ccc3976c43b0038a37329c2"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:811daee36a58dc79cf3d8bdd4a490e4277d0e4b7d103a001a4e73ddb48e7e6aa"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:c843b3f50d1ab7361ca4f0b3639bf691569493a56808a0b0c54a051d260b7dbd"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:d6631f2e867676b13026e2846180e2c13c1e11289d67da08d71cacb2cd93d4aa"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:7fb43004bce0ca31d8f13a6eb5e943fa73371381e53f7074ed21a4cb786c32f8"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux2010_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:2ea52bd92ab9f768cc64a4c3ef8f4b2580a17af0a5436f6126b08efbd1838371"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:400580cbd3cff6ffa6293df2278c75aef2d58d8d93d3c5614cd67981dae68ceb"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:df609c82f18c5b9f6cb97271f03315ff0dbe481a2a02e56aeb1b1a985ce38e60"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:ab83f24d5c52d60dbc8cd0528759532736b56db58adaa7b5f1f76ad551416a1e"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:0eef32ca3132a48e43f6a0f5a82cb508f22ce5a3d6f67a8329c81c8e226d3f6e"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5-pp36-pypy36_pp73-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a0d53e51a6cb6f0d9082decb7a4cb6dfb33055308c4c44f53103c073f649af73"},
    {file = "numpy-1.19.5.zip", hash = "sha256:a76f502430dd98d7546e1ea2250a7360c065a5fdea52b2dffe8ae7180909b6f4"},
]

[[package]]
name = "pandas"
version = "1.1.5"
description = "Powerful data structures for data analysis, time series, and statistics"
optional = false
python-versions = ">=3.6.1"
groups = ["main"]
files = [
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:bf23a3b54d128b50f4f9d4675b3c1857a688cc6731a32f931837d72effb2698d"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:5a780260afc88268a9d3ac3511d8f494fdcf637eece62fb9eb656a63d53eb7ca"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:b61080750d19a0122469ab59b087380721d6b72a4e7d962e4d7e63e0c4504814"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:0de3ddb414d30798cbf56e642d82cac30a80223ad6fe484d66c0ce01a84d6f2f"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:70865f96bb38fec46f7ebd66d4b5cfd0aa6b842073f298d621385ae3898d28b5"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:19a2148a1d02791352e9fa637899a78e371a3516ac6da5c4edc718f60cbae648"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:26fa92d3ac743a149a31b21d6f4337b0594b6302ea5575b37af9ca9611e8981a"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:c16d59c15d946111d2716856dd5479221c9e4f2f5c7bc2d617f39d870031e086"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:3be7a7a0ca71a2640e81d9276f526bca63505850add10206d0da2e8a0a325dae"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:573fba5b05bf2c69271a32e52399c8de599e4a15ab7cec47d3b9c904125ab788"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:21b5a2b033380adbdd36b3116faaf9a4663e375325831dac1b519a44f9e439bb"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:24c7f8d4aee71bfa6401faeba367dd654f696a77151a8a28bc2013f7ced4af98"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:2860a97cbb25444ffc0088b457da0a79dc79f9c601238a3e0644312fcc14bf11"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:5008374ebb990dad9ed48b0f5d0038124c73748f5384cc8c46904dace27082d9"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:2c2f7c670ea4e60318e4b7e474d56447cf0c7d83b3c2a5405a0dbb2600b9c48e"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:0a643bae4283a37732ddfcecab3f62dd082996021b980f580903f4e8e01b3c5b"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:5447ea7af4005b0daf695a316a423b96374c9c73ffbd4533209c5ddc369e644b"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:4c62e94d5d49db116bef1bd5c2486723a292d79409fc9abd51adf9e05329101d"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:731568be71fba1e13cae212c362f3d2ca8932e83cb1b85e3f1b4dd77d019254a"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux1_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:c61c043aafb69329d0f961b19faa30b1dab709dd34c9388143fc55680059e55a"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp39-cp39-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:2b1c6cd28a0dfda75c7b5957363333f01d370936e4c6276b7b8e696dd500582a"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp39-cp39-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:c94ff2780a1fd89f190390130d6d36173ca59fcfb3fe0ff596f9a56518191ccb"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:edda9bacc3843dfbeebaf7a701763e68e741b08fccb889c003b0a52f0ee95782"},
    {file = "pandas-1.1.5.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f10fc41ee3c75a474d3bdf68d396f10782d013d7f67db99c0efbfd0acb99701b"},
]

[package.dependencies]
numpy = ">=1.15.4"
python-dateutil = ">=2.7.3"
pytz = ">=2017.2"

[package.extras]
test = ["hypothesis (>=3.58)", "pytest (>=4.0.2)", "pytest-xdist"]

[[package]]
name = "python-dateutil"
version = "2.9.0.post0"
description = "Extensions to the standard Python datetime module"
optional = false
python-versions = "!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,>=2.7"
groups = ["main"]
files = [
    {file = "python-dateutil-2.9.0.post0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:37dd54208da7e1cd875388217d5e00ebd4179249f90fb72437e91a35459a0ad3"},
    {file = "python_dateutil-2.9.0.post0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:a8b2bc7bffae282281c8140a97d3aa9c14da0b136dfe83f850eea9a5f7470427"},
]

[package.dependencies]
six = ">=1.5"

[[package]]
name = "pytz"
version = "2024.2"
description = "World timezone definitions, modern and historical"
optional = false
python-versions = "*"
groups = ["main"]
files = [
    {file = "pytz-2024.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:31c7c1817eb7fae7ca4b8c7ee50c72f93aa2dd863de768e1ef4245d426aa0725"},
    {file = "pytz-2024.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2aa355083c50a0f93fa581709deac0c9ad65cca8a9e9beac660adcbd493c798a"},
]

[[package]]
name = "six"
version = "1.17.0"
description = "Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities"
optional = false
python-versions = "!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,>=2.7"
groups = ["main"]
files = [
    {file = "six-1.17.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4721f391ed90541fddacab5acf947aa0d3dc7d27b2e1e8eda2be8970586c3274"},
    {file = "six-1.17.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:ff70335d468e7eb6ec65b95b99d3a2836546063f63acc5171de367e834932a81"},
]

[metadata]
lock-version = "2.1"
python-versions = ">=3.6.2,<4"
content-hash = "0239ab5103207be72febfbcd86599dcdad7565260bda677edc226c36d5513b45"

Changing the requirements to remove the hdf:

...
[tool.poetry.group.hdf.dependencies]
pandas = [
    { version = "*", python = ">=3.9" },
    { version = "<2.1", python = "~3.8" },
    { version = "<1.4", python = "~3.7.1" },
    { version = "<1.2", python = "<3.7.1,>=3.6.1" },
]
...

Expected poetry.lock:

...
[[package]]
name = "pandas"
version = "1.1.5"
...
markers = "python_full_version < \"3.7.1\""

...

[[package]]
name = "pandas"
version = "1.3.5"
...
markers = "python_full_version >= \"3.7.1\" and python_version < \"3.8\""

...

[[package]]
name = "pandas"
version = "2.0.3"
...
markers = "python_version >= \"3.8\" and python_version < \"3.9\""

...

[[package]]
name = "pandas"
version = "2.2.3"
...
markers = "python_version >= \"3.9\" and python_version <= \"3.11\" or python_version >= \"3.12\""

Workarounds

Remove extras, not much of a workaround though...

Poetry Installation Method

pipx

Operating System

MacOS 15.2

Poetry Version

Poetry (version 2.0.1)

Poetry Configuration

cache-dir = "/Users/user/Library/Caches/pypoetry"
installer.max-workers = null
installer.no-binary = null
installer.only-binary = null
installer.parallel = true
installer.re-resolve = true
keyring.enabled = true
requests.max-retries = 0
solver.lazy-wheel = true
system-git-client = false
virtualenvs.create = true
virtualenvs.in-project = true
virtualenvs.options.always-copy = false
virtualenvs.options.no-pip = false
virtualenvs.options.system-site-packages = false
virtualenvs.path = "{cache-dir}/virtualenvs"  # /Users/user/Library/Caches/pypoetry/virtualenvs
virtualenvs.prompt = "{project_name}-py{python_version}"
virtualenvs.use-poetry-python = false

Python Sysconfig

Paste the output of 'python -m sysconfig', over this line.

Example pyproject.toml

[project]
name = "poetry-group-extra-collapse"
version = "0.1.0"
requires-python = ">=3.6.2,<4"
description = ""

dynamic = ["dependencies"]

[tool.poetry.dependencies]
pandas = [
    { version = "*", python = ">=3.9" },
    { version = "<2.1", python = "~3.8" },
    { version = "<1.4", python = "~3.7.1" },
    { version = "<1.2", python = "<3.7.1,>=3.6.1" },
]

[tool.poetry.group.hdf.dependencies]
pandas = [
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "*", python = ">=3.9" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<2.1", python = "~3.8" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<1.4", python = "~3.7.1" },
    { extras = ["hdf5"], version = "<1.2", python = "<3.7.1,>=3.6.1" },
]

[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core>=2.0.0,<3.0.0"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

Poetry Runtime Logs

Paste the output of 'poetry -vvv <command>', over this line.

Start by reproducing the issue with the provided pyproject.toml under Poetry 2.0.1 and compare the generated poetry.lock with the version-specific requirements in the example. Trace how grouped dependencies with identical extras are represented during locking. Done means the lockfile preserves the distinct pandas constraints for each Python range and group, including the hdf5 extra.