Alfa Network AWUS036AXML: TX power limited to 3 dBm (not sure if for real or just innacurate report), UL speed much worse than AWUS036ACM

I bought a new USB WiFi adapter, Alfa Network AWUS036AXML, and tried to use it on my desktop with Arch Linux. The kernel version is 6.3.3, the linux-firmware package version is 20230404.2e92a49f-1.

The adapter is recognized, but in the 5 GHz band, the TX power is limited to 3 dBm. I am in the Philippines, and the regulatory domain is set correctly. The bad received signal strength is also confirmed by my router.

As this is a USB card, there is no such thing as a "factory partition" from where the calibration data can be obtained.

# iw dev
phy#2
	Interface wlp0s20u4i3
		ifindex 34
		wdev 0x200000001
		addr 00:c0:ca:b3:c7:3c
		ssid Archer
		type managed
		channel 153 (5765 MHz), width: 80 MHz, center1: 5775 MHz
		txpower 3.00 dBm
		multicast TXQ:
			qsz-byt	qsz-pkt	flows	drops	marks	overlmt	hashcol	tx-bytes	tx-packets
			0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		0
phy#0  <-- onboard WiFi, please ignore
	Interface wlp4s0
		ifindex 4
		wdev 0x1
		addr f2:b5:c2:8a:89:b9
		type managed
		txpower 20.00 dBm
		multicast TXQ:
			qsz-byt	qsz-pkt	flows	drops	marks	overlmt	hashcol	tx-bytes	tx-packets
			0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		0

The report names no source file or test; begin by reproducing the AWUS036AXML behavior with the supplied iw dev output on kernel 6.3.3 and linux-firmware 20230404.2e92a49f-1. Compare the 5 GHz TX power and UL performance with the reported regulatory setup, then determine whether the issue is an inaccurate report or a driver or calibration problem and document the result.