[BUG] Failure to process "reserved" chars in regular expressions

Describe the bug
Similar to https://github.com/opensearch-project/data-prepper/issues/3514, the regex parser fails on the example from documentation: https://github.com/opensearch-project/data-prepper/blob/main/docs/expression_syntax.md#reference-table.

To Reproduce
Steps to reproduce the behavior:

1. Create a pipeline with the following configuration

log-pipeline:
  source:
    http:
      ssl: false

  processor:
    - parse_json:
        source: message
        parse_when: '/message=~"^\w*$"' # Fails
        # parse_when: '/message=~"^\w*\ $"' # Also fails
        # parse_when: '/message =~ "^(\\{.*\\}|\\[.*\\])$"' # Also fails

  sink:
    - opensearch:
        hosts: [ 'https://opensearch:9200' ]
        insecure: true

2. Send in a log message (any).
3. See the error log:

2024-05-07T12:07:25,039 [log-pipeline-processor-worker-1-thread-1] ERROR org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor - An exception occurred while using the parse_json processor on Event [org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.log.JacksonLog@25c210a1]
org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluationException: Unable to evaluate statement "/message=~"^\w*$""
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.GenericExpressionEvaluator.evaluate(GenericExpressionEvaluator.java:42) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluator.evaluateConditional(ExpressionEvaluator.java:28) ~[data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor.doExecute(AbstractParseProcessor.java:70) ~[parse-json-processor-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.processor.AbstractProcessor.lambda$execute$0(AbstractProcessor.java:54) ~[data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at io.micrometer.core.instrument.composite.CompositeTimer.record(CompositeTimer.java:69) [micrometer-core-1.11.5.jar:1.11.5]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.processor.AbstractProcessor.execute(AbstractProcessor.java:54) [data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.pipeline.ProcessWorker.doRun(ProcessWorker.java:135) [data-prepper-core-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.pipeline.ProcessWorker.run(ProcessWorker.java:61) [data-prepper-core-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:539) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840) [?:?]
Caused by: org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeCompositeException
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.createParseTree(ParseTreeParser.java:78) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.parse(ParseTreeParser.java:101) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.parse(ParseTreeParser.java:27) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.MultiThreadParser.parse(MultiThreadParser.java:35) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.MultiThreadParser.parse(MultiThreadParser.java:20) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.GenericExpressionEvaluator.evaluate(GenericExpressionEvaluator.java:38) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	... 12 more
Caused by: org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExceptionOverview: Multiple exceptions (5)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.InputMismatchException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.DefaultErrorStrategy.sync(DefaultErrorStrategy.java:270)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
line 1:11 token recognition error at: '^'
line 1:12 token recognition error at: '\'
line 1:13 token recognition error at: 'w*'
line 1:15 token recognition error at: '$"'
line 1:10 mismatched input '"' expecting {JsonPointer, EscapedJsonPointer, String}
2024-05-07T12:07:25,042 [log-pipeline-processor-worker-1-thread-1] ERROR org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor - An exception occurred while using the parse_json processor on Event [org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.log.JacksonLog@2c0f1eaf]
org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluationException: Unable to evaluate statement "/message=~"^\w*$""

4. If you escape the dollar sign, you still get an error:

line 1:11 token recognition error at: '^'
line 1:12 token recognition error at: '\'
line 1:13 token recognition error at: 'w*'
line 1:15 token recognition error at: '\'
line 1:16 token recognition error at: '$"'
line 1:10 mismatched input '"' expecting {JsonPointer, EscapedJsonPointer, String}
2024-05-07T12:16:50,189 [log-pipeline-processor-worker-1-thread-1] ERROR org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor - An exception occurred while using the parse_json processor on Event [org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.log.JacksonLog@686b21ea]
org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluationException: Unable to evaluate statement "/message=~"^\w*\$""
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.GenericExpressionEvaluator.evaluate(GenericExpressionEvaluator.java:42) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluator.evaluateConditional(ExpressionEvaluator.java:28) ~[data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor.doExecute(AbstractParseProcessor.java:70) ~[parse-json-processor-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.processor.AbstractProcessor.lambda$execute$0(AbstractProcessor.java:54) ~[data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at io.micrometer.core.instrument.composite.CompositeTimer.record(CompositeTimer.java:69) [micrometer-core-1.11.5.jar:1.11.5]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.processor.AbstractProcessor.execute(AbstractProcessor.java:54) [data-prepper-api-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.pipeline.ProcessWorker.doRun(ProcessWorker.java:135) [data-prepper-core-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.pipeline.ProcessWorker.run(ProcessWorker.java:61) [data-prepper-core-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:539) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635) [?:?]
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840) [?:?]
Caused by: org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeCompositeException
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.createParseTree(ParseTreeParser.java:78) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.parse(ParseTreeParser.java:101) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ParseTreeParser.parse(ParseTreeParser.java:27) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.MultiThreadParser.parse(MultiThreadParser.java:35) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.MultiThreadParser.parse(MultiThreadParser.java:20) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	at org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.GenericExpressionEvaluator.evaluate(GenericExpressionEvaluator.java:38) ~[data-prepper-expression-2.7.0.jar:?]
	... 12 more
Caused by: org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExceptionOverview: Multiple exceptions (6)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.LexerNoViableAltException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.atn.LexerATNSimulator.failOrAccept(LexerATNSimulator.java:309)
|-- org.antlr.v4.runtime.InputMismatchException: null
    at org.antlr.v4.runtime.DefaultErrorStrategy.sync(DefaultErrorStrategy.java:270)
line 1:11 token recognition error at: '^'
line 1:12 token recognition error at: '\'
line 1:13 token recognition error at: 'w*'
line 1:15 token recognition error at: '\'
line 1:16 token recognition error at: '$"'
line 1:10 mismatched input '"' expecting {JsonPointer, EscapedJsonPointer, String}
2024-05-07T12:16:50,191 [log-pipeline-processor-worker-1-thread-1] ERROR org.opensearch.dataprepper.plugins.processor.parse.AbstractParseProcessor - An exception occurred while using the parse_json processor on Event [org.opensearch.dataprepper.model.log.JacksonLog@1c5deeb4]
org.opensearch.dataprepper.expression.ExpressionEvaluationException: Unable to evaluate statement "/message=~"^\w*\$""

5. Parsing also fails when checking if message is a JSON string or array with the following regex:

parse_when: '/message =~ "^(\{.\}|\[.\])$"'

Expected behavior
Regex should be parsed correctly.

Environment (please complete the following information):

• Data Prepper 2.7.

Additional context
Add any other context about the problem here.

The failure is reported through GenericExpressionEvaluator and ParseTreeParser, with MultiThreadParser in the call path; begin by reading those parser entry points alongside docs/expression_syntax.md and its reference table. Reproduce the three regex examples from issue 4510, then verify reserved characters parse correctly and the documented examples no longer fail.